Llerena Gabriela E, Krzykwa Emily, Huzior Michael, Vilar Nicole, Donahue Danielle, Zisling Hanan, Zielinski Patricia, Shah Nisarg, Lewandowski Tara, Dennison Stanley, Alonso Noel
Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
Pediatrics, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Jan 10;16(1):e52006. doi: 10.7759/cureus.52006. eCollection 2024 Jan.
The pediatric population is more prone to experiencing anxiety and fear before undergoing an inpatient surgical procedure than adults. Non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as music therapy and virtual reality programs, have shown significant promise in reducing the post-operative pain associated with pre-operative anxiety of patients and their caregivers. While there is evidence to support the use of non-pharmaceutical treatment in the mitigation of pre-operative anxiety, there are limited published reports of non-pharmacological interventions for pre-operative anxiety in children undergoing inpatient surgical procedures. The goal of this scoping review was to identify and classify specific non-pharmacological interventions utilized inpatient among children to improve pre-operative anxiety and post-operative complications inflicting pain. Comprehensive searches were conducted using Ovid Medline, Embase Emtree, CINAHL Complete, and COCHRANE Central databases. The articles had to be peer-reviewed, written in English, published between 2000-2022, and contain measurements of pre-operative anxiety and post-operative pain to be included in the scoping review. Articles that reported findings on patients younger than 18 undergoing elective and/or routine surgeries, excluding emergent surgical cases, were selected. After a systemized screening process, 9 articles were selected for the final review. The findings indicated that non-pharmacological interventions such as virtual reality, hypnosis, and clowns reduced pre-operative anxiety and post-operative pain in pediatric patients. This scoping review identified a wide range of non-pharmacological interventions to mitigate the post-operative effects of pre-operative anxiety among children, including but not limited to music, visual reality, and other holistic methods. More longitudinal studies are warranted to understand the specific interventions that may be the most efficacious.
与成年人相比，儿科患者在接受住院手术前更容易出现焦虑和恐惧情绪。非药物干预措施，如音乐疗法和虚拟现实程序，在减轻患者及其护理人员术前焦虑相关的术后疼痛方面显示出显著的前景。虽然有证据支持使用非药物治疗来缓解术前焦虑，但关于住院手术儿童术前焦虑的非药物干预的已发表报告有限。本范围综述的目的是识别和分类在住院儿童中使用的特定非药物干预措施，以改善术前焦虑和减轻疼痛的术后并发症。使用Ovid Medline、Embase Emtree、CINAHL Complete和COCHRANE Central数据库进行了全面检索。纳入范围综述的文章必须经过同行评审、用英文撰写、发表于2000年至2022年之间，并且包含术前焦虑和术后疼痛的测量数据。选择报告了18岁以下接受择期和/或常规手术患者（不包括急诊手术病例）研究结果的文章。经过系统的筛选过程，9篇文章被选入最终综述。研究结果表明，虚拟现实、催眠和小丑表演等非药物干预措施可降低儿科患者的术前焦虑和术后疼痛。本范围综述确定了一系列非药物干预措施，以减轻儿童术前焦虑的术后影响，包括但不限于音乐、视觉现实和其他整体方法。需要更多的纵向研究来了解可能最有效的具体干预措施。
