Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Cell Commun Signal. 2024 Feb 12;22(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12964-023-01380-1.
The phenomenon of phase separation is quite common in cells, and it is involved in multiple processes of life activities. However, the current research on the correlation between protein modifications and phase separation and the interference with the tendency of phase separation has some limitations. Here we focus on several post-translational modifications of proteins, including protein phosphorylation modification at multiple sites, methylation modification, acetylation modification, ubiquitination modification, SUMOylation modification, etc., which regulate the formation of phase separation and the stability of phase separation structure through multivalent interactions. This regulatory role is closely related to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, viral infections, and other diseases, and also plays essential functions in environmental stress, DNA damage repair, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and cell homeostasis of living organisms, which provides an idea to explore the interaction between novel protein post-translational modifications and phase separation. Video Abstract.
相分离现象在细胞中非常普遍，涉及生命活动的多个过程。然而，目前关于蛋白质修饰与相分离的相关性以及对相分离倾向的干扰的研究存在一些局限性。在这里，我们重点介绍了几种蛋白质的翻译后修饰，包括蛋白质的多个位点磷酸化修饰、甲基化修饰、乙酰化修饰、泛素化修饰、SUMO 化修饰等，它们通过多价相互作用调节相分离的形成和相分离结构的稳定性。这种调节作用与神经退行性疾病、肿瘤、病毒感染等疾病的发展密切相关，在生物体的环境应激、DNA 损伤修复、转录调控、信号转导和细胞内稳态等方面也发挥着重要作用，为探索新型蛋白质翻译后修饰与相分离之间的相互作用提供了思路。视频摘要。
