Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Organogenesis. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2313696. doi: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2313696. Epub 2024 Feb 15.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. HCC is highly heterogenous with diverse etiologies leading to different driver mutations potentiating unique tumor immune microenvironments. Current therapeutic options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and combinations, have achieved limited objective response rates for the majority of patients. Thus, a precision medicine approach is needed to tailor specific treatment options for molecular subsets of HCC patients. Lipid nanovesicle platforms, either liposome- (synthetic) or extracellular vesicle (natural)-derived present are improved drug delivery vehicles which may be modified to contain specific cargos for targeting specific tumor sites, with a natural affinity for liver with limited toxicity. This mini-review provides updates on the applications of novel lipid nanovesicle-based therapeutics for HCC precision medicine and the challenges associated with translating this therapeutic subclass from preclinical models to the clinic.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。HCC 具有高度异质性，不同的病因导致不同的驱动突变，从而形成独特的肿瘤免疫微环境。目前的治疗选择，包括免疫检查点抑制剂和联合治疗，对大多数患者的客观缓解率有限。因此，需要一种精准医学的方法来为 HCC 患者的分子亚群定制特定的治疗选择。脂质纳米囊泡平台，无论是脂质体（合成）或细胞外囊泡（天然）衍生的，都是改良的药物递送载体，可以进行修饰以包含针对特定肿瘤部位的特定载药，对肝脏具有天然亲和力和有限的毒性。这篇迷你综述提供了关于新型脂质纳米囊泡治疗 HCC 精准医学的应用的最新信息，以及将这一治疗亚类从临床前模型转化为临床应用所面临的挑战。
