Conley K E, Porter W P
J Comp Physiol B. 1985;155(4):423-31. doi: 10.1007/BF00684671.
Thermal conductance was subdivided into the component conductances of the appendages and torso using a heat transfer analysis for the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, and the white rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus. Our analysis was based on laboratory measurements of skin temperature and respiratory gas exchange made between air temperatures of 8 and 34 degrees C for the deer mouse, and from published data for the white rabbit. Two series conductances to heat transfer for each appendage and torso were evaluated: internal (hin), for blood flow and tissue conduction to the skin surface, and external (hex), for heat loss from the skin surface to the environment. These two series conductances were represented in a single, total conductance (htot). The limit to htot was set by hex and was reached by the torso htot of both animals. The increase in torso htot observed with air temperature for the mouse suggests that a pilomotor change in fur depth occurred. A control of htot below the limit set by hex was achieved by the hin of each appendage. Elevation of mouse thermal conductance (C) resulted from increases in feet, tail, and torso htot. In contrast, the rabbit showed no change in torso htot between 5 and 30 degrees C and ear htot exclusively increased C over these air temperatures. We suggest that the hyperthermia reported for the rabbit at 35 degrees C resulted from C reaching the physical limit set by torso and near hex. Thus the ear alone adjusted rabbit C, whereas the feet, tail, and the torso contributed to the adjustment of mouse C.
通过对鹿鼠（白足鼠）和白兔进行传热分析，将热传导细分为附属肢体和躯干的传导分量。我们的分析基于鹿鼠在8至34摄氏度气温下的皮肤温度和呼吸气体交换的实验室测量数据，以及白兔的已发表数据。对每个附属肢体和躯干的两个串联热传导进行了评估：内部传导（hin），用于血液流动和组织向皮肤表面的传导；外部传导（hex），用于皮肤表面向环境的热损失。这两个串联传导用一个总传导（htot）表示。htot的极限由hex设定，并且两种动物的躯干htot都达到了该极限。对于小鼠，观察到躯干htot随气温升高，这表明毛发深度发生了立毛肌变化。每个附属肢体的hin实现了将htot控制在hex设定的极限以下。小鼠热传导（C）的升高是由于足部、尾部和躯干htot的增加。相比之下，白兔在5至30摄氏度之间躯干htot没有变化，并且在这些气温下耳部htot单独增加了C。我们认为，报道的白兔在35摄氏度时的体温过高是由于C达到了躯干设定的物理极限且接近hex。因此，仅耳部调节了白兔的C，而足部、尾部和躯干则对小鼠C的调节有贡献。
