Kumar Vikash, Prasad Singh Gajendra, Kumar Manish, Kumar Amit, Singh Pooja, Ansu Alok Kumar, Sharma Abhishek, Alam Tabish, Yadav Anil Singh, Dobrotă Dan
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, RV Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, Karnataka 560076, India.
Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Central University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835205, India.
ACS Omega. 2024 Jan 30;9(6):6147-6164. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07822. eCollection 2024 Feb 13.
An overview of the significant innovations in photocatalysts for H development, photocatalyst selection criteria, and photocatalytic modifications to improve the photocatalytic activity was examined in this Review, as well as mechanisms and thermodynamics. A variety of semiconductors have been examined in a structured fashion, such as TiO-, g-CN-, graphene-, sulfide-, oxide-, nitride-, oxysulfide-, oxynitrides, and cocatalyst-based photocatalysts. The techniques for enhancing the compatibility of metals and nonmetals is discussed in order to boost photoactivity within visible light irradiation. In particular, further deliberation has been carried out on the development of heterojunctions, such as type I, type II, and type III, along with Z-systems, and S-scheme systems. It is important to thoroughly investigate these issues in the sense of visible light irradiations to enhance the efficacy of photocatalytic action. In fact, another advancement in this area may include hiring mediators including grapheme oxide and metals to establish indirect Z-scheme montages with a correct band adjustment. The potential consideration of reaction chemology, mass transfer, kinetics of reactions, restriction of light diffusion, and the process and selection of suitable light and photoreactor also will optimize sustainable hydrogen output efficiency and selectivity.
本综述考察了用于氢气生成的光催化剂的重大创新、光催化剂的选择标准以及提高光催化活性的光催化改性，还探讨了其机理和热力学。已以结构化方式研究了多种半导体，如二氧化钛基、石墨相氮化碳基、石墨烯基、硫化物基、氧化物基、氮化物基、氧硫化物基、氮氧化物基以及基于助催化剂的光催化剂。讨论了增强金属与非金属兼容性的技术，以提高可见光照射下的光活性。特别是，对I型、II型和III型等异质结以及Z-体系和S-cheme体系的发展进行了进一步探讨。从可见光照射的角度深入研究这些问题对于提高光催化作用的效率很重要。事实上，该领域的另一项进展可能包括引入包括氧化石墨烯和金属在内的介质，以通过正确的能带调整建立间接Z-体系组合。对反应化学、传质、反应动力学、光扩散限制以及合适光源和光反应器的选择和过程进行潜在考量，也将优化可持续氢气输出效率和选择性。
