School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China.
Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.
Chem Rev. 2024 Feb 28;124(4):1535-1648. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00507. Epub 2024 Feb 19.
Over the years, researchers have made significant strides in the development of novel flexible/stretchable and conductive materials, enabling the creation of cutting-edge electronic devices for wearable applications. Among these, porous conductive textiles (PCTs) have emerged as an ideal material platform for wearable electronics, owing to their light weight, flexibility, permeability, and wearing comfort. This Review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the progress and state of the art of utilizing PCTs for the design and fabrication of a wide variety of wearable electronic devices and their integrated wearable systems. To begin with, we elucidate how PCTs revolutionize the form factors of wearable electronics. We then discuss the preparation strategies of PCTs, in terms of the raw materials, fabrication processes, and key properties. Afterward, we provide detailed illustrations of how PCTs are used as basic building blocks to design and fabricate a wide variety of intrinsically flexible or stretchable devices, including sensors, actuators, therapeutic devices, energy-harvesting and storage devices, and displays. We further describe the techniques and strategies for wearable electronic systems either by hybridizing conventional off-the-shelf rigid electronic components with PCTs or by integrating multiple fibrous devices made of PCTs. Subsequently, we highlight some important wearable application scenarios in healthcare, sports and training, converging technologies, and professional specialists. At the end of the Review, we discuss the challenges and perspectives on future research directions and give overall conclusions. As the demand for more personalized and interconnected devices continues to grow, PCT-based wearables hold immense potential to redefine the landscape of wearable technology and reshape the way we live, work, and play.
多年来，研究人员在开发新型柔性/可拉伸和导电材料方面取得了重大进展，使可用于可穿戴应用的尖端电子设备的创造成为可能。在这些材料中，多孔导电纺织品 (PCT) 因其重量轻、柔韧性、透气性和穿着舒适性而成为可穿戴电子产品的理想材料平台。本综述旨在全面概述利用 PCT 设计和制造各种可穿戴电子设备及其集成可穿戴系统的进展和最新技术。首先，我们阐明了 PCT 如何改变可穿戴电子产品的外形因素。然后，我们讨论了 PCT 的制备策略，包括原材料、制造工艺和关键性能。之后，我们详细说明了如何将 PCT 用作基本构建块来设计和制造各种本征柔性或可拉伸器件，包括传感器、执行器、治疗设备、能量收集和存储设备以及显示器。我们进一步描述了通过将传统现成的刚性电子组件与 PCT 混合或通过集成由 PCT 制成的多个纤维设备来制造可穿戴电子系统的技术和策略。随后，我们强调了一些在医疗保健、运动和训练、融合技术和专业专家方面的重要可穿戴应用场景。在综述的最后，我们讨论了未来研究方向的挑战和观点，并给出了总体结论。随着对更个性化和互联设备的需求不断增长，基于 PCT 的可穿戴设备具有巨大的潜力，可以重新定义可穿戴技术的格局，改变我们的生活、工作和娱乐方式。
