Eijkel Benedictus I M, Apachitei Iulian, Fratila-Apachitei Lidy E, Zadpoor Amir A
Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, Netherlands.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Feb 5;12:1332771. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1332771. eCollection 2024.
The antibacterial biofunctionality of bone implants is essential for the prevention and treatment of implant-associated infections (IAI). co-culture models are utilized to assess this and study bacteria-host cell interactions at the implant interface, aiding our understanding of biomaterial and the immune response against IAI without impeding the peri-implant bone tissue regeneration. This paper reviews existing co-culture models together with their characteristics, results, and clinical relevance. A total of 36 studies were found involving co-culture models between bacteria and osteogenic or immune cells at the interface with orthopedic antibacterial biomaterials. Most studies (∼67%) involved co-culture models of osteogenic cells and bacteria (), while 33% were co-culture models of immune cells and bacterial cells (). All models involve direct co-culture of two different cell types. The cell seeding sequence (simultaneous, bacteria-first, and cell-first) was used to mimic clinically relevant conditions and showed the greatest effect on the outcome for both types of co-culture models. The models are considered more relevant for early peri-implant infections, whereas the models suit late infections. The limitations of the current models and future directions to develop more relevant co-culture models to address specific research questions are also discussed.
骨植入物的抗菌生物功能对于预防和治疗植入物相关感染（IAI）至关重要。共培养模型用于评估这一点，并研究植入物界面处的细菌-宿主细胞相互作用，有助于我们理解生物材料以及针对IAI的免疫反应，同时不妨碍植入物周围骨组织的再生。本文综述了现有的共培养模型及其特点、结果和临床相关性。共发现36项研究涉及骨科抗菌生物材料界面处细菌与成骨细胞或免疫细胞之间的共培养模型。大多数研究（约67%）涉及成骨细胞与细菌的共培养模型，而33%是免疫细胞与细菌细胞的共培养模型。所有模型均涉及两种不同细胞类型的直接共培养。细胞接种顺序（同时接种、先接种细菌和先接种细胞）用于模拟临床相关情况，并且对两种共培养模型的结果影响最大。细菌先接种的模型被认为与植入物周围早期感染更相关，而细胞先接种的模型适用于晚期感染。本文还讨论了当前模型的局限性以及开发更相关的共培养模型以解决特定研究问题的未来方向。
