Yu Hao, Li Menghui, Zheng Xueqing, Zhu Mingyue, Zheng Zhensen, Xie Tianyi, Yan Guangxuan, Hu Pengtuan, Cao Zhiguo, Feng Jinglan, Sun Jianhui
Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China.
State Key Lab of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Mar;354:120367. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120367. Epub 2024 Feb 21.
Black carbon (BC) significantly affects climate, environmental quality, and human health. This study utilised Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), which can compensate for the shortcomings of ground BC monitoring in spatial-temporal distribution to study the pollution characteristics of BC and potential pollution sources in a typical industrial city (Xinxiang) with serious air pollution in northern China. The results showed that average daily ground observation and MERRA-2 concentration of BC of 7.33 μg m and 9.52 μg m. The mean BC concentration derived from MERRA-2 reanalysis data was higher than ground measurement due to resolution limitations and pollution from the northern regions. The reliability of the MERRA-2 data was confirmed through correlation analysis. Consideration of the spatial distribution of BC from MERRA-2 and incorporating the potential source contribution function (PSCF), concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT), and emission inventory, other possible source areas and primary sources of BC in Xinxiang were investigated. The results indicated that implementing transportation and residential emission control measures in Henan Province and its surrounding provinces, such as Hebei Province, will effectively decrease the BC level in Xinxiang City. A passively smoked cigarettes model was used to evaluate the risk of BC exposure. The percentage of lung function decrement (PLFD) was the highest in school-age children, while the impact on lung cancer (LC) health risk was comparatively lower. Notably, the BC health risk in Xinxiang was lower than in most cities across Asia.
黑碳（BC）对气候、环境质量和人类健康有重大影响。本研究利用了第二代现代时代回顾性分析研究与应用（MERRA-2），它可以弥补地面黑碳监测在时空分布方面的不足，以研究中国北方空气污染严重的典型工业城市（新乡）的黑碳污染特征和潜在污染源。结果表明，地面日均观测的黑碳浓度和MERRA-2的浓度分别为7.33微克/立方米和9.52微克/立方米。由于分辨率限制和北方地区的污染，MERRA-2再分析数据得出的黑碳平均浓度高于地面测量值。通过相关性分析证实了MERRA-2数据的可靠性。考虑到MERRA-2中黑碳的空间分布，并结合潜在源贡献函数（PSCF）、浓度加权轨迹（CWT）和排放清单，对新乡市黑碳的其他可能源区和主要来源进行了调查。结果表明，在河南省及其周边省份（如河北省）实施交通和居民排放控制措施，将有效降低新乡市的黑碳水平。使用被动吸烟香烟模型评估黑碳暴露风险。学龄儿童的肺功能下降百分比（PLFD）最高，而对肺癌（LC）健康风险的影响相对较低。值得注意的是，新乡市的黑碳健康风险低于亚洲大多数城市。
