Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Feb 22;24(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09135-0.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in countries with limited resources. The emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), particularly rifampicin (RIF) resistance, hindered TB control efforts. Continuous surveillance and regular monitoring of drug-resistant TB, including rifampicin resistance (RR), are required for effective TB intervention strategies and prevention and control measures.
Determine the trend of TB and RR-TB among presumptive TB patients in Northwest Ethiopia.
A retrospective study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoG-CSH). The study included TB registration logbook data from all patients who visited the hospital and were tested for MTB using the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay between 2015 and 2021. The SPSS version 26 software was used to enter, clean, and analyze the laboratory-based data.
A total of 18,787 patient results were included, with 93.8% (17,615/18787) of them being successful, meaning they were not invalid, error, or aborted. About 10.5% (1846/17615) of the 17,615 results were MTB-positive, with 7.42% (137/1846) RIF resistant. Age, anti-TB treatment history, and diagnosis year were associated with the presence of MTB and RR-MTB. Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence was higher in productive age groups, whereas RR-TB prevalence was higher in the elderly. Regarding diagnosis year, the prevalence of TB and RR-TB showed a declining trend as the year progressed. While MTB was detected in 12.8% (471/3669) of new and 22.2% (151/679) of re-treatment presumptive TB patients, RR-MTB was detected in 8.5% (40/471) of new and 18.5% (28/151) of re-treatment TB cases.
The prevalence of TB and RR-TB in the study area showed a declining trend over the years. While TB was more prevalent in productive age groups (15 to 45 years), RR-TB was more prevalent in older populations (over 45 years), than others. Moreover, patients with a history of anti-TB drug exposure were more likely to be positive for DR-TB, highlighting the need to strengthen DOT programs for proper management of TB treatment.
结核病（TB）仍然是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一，特别是在资源有限的国家。结核分枝杆菌（MTB）中的药物耐药性的出现，特别是利福平（RIF）耐药性，阻碍了结核病控制工作。需要对耐药结核病，包括利福平耐药性（RR）进行持续监测和定期监测，以制定有效的结核病干预策略和预防控制措施。
确定在埃塞俄比亚西北部疑似结核病患者中结核病和 RR-TB 的趋势。
这是一项在贡德尔大学综合专科医院（UoG-CSH）进行的回顾性研究。该研究纳入了 2015 年至 2021 年间使用 Xpert® MTB/RIF 检测法在该医院就诊并检测 MTB 的所有患者的结核病登记日志数据。使用 SPSS 版本 26 软件输入、清理和分析基于实验室的数据。
共纳入 18787 例患者结果，其中 93.8%（17615/18787）为成功结果，即无无效、错误或中止。在 17615 例成功结果中，约有 10.5%（1846/17615）为 MTB 阳性，其中 7.42%（137/1846）为利福平耐药。年龄、抗结核治疗史和诊断年份与 MTB 和 RR-MTB 的存在相关。结核病（TB）的患病率在生产年龄组较高，而 RR-TB 的患病率在老年人群中较高。就诊断年份而言，随着年份的推移，TB 和 RR-TB 的患病率呈下降趋势。新发病例中 MTB 检出率为 12.8%（471/3669），复治病例中 MTB 检出率为 22.2%（151/679），RR-MTB 检出率为新发病例的 8.5%（40/471）和复治病例的 18.5%（28/151）。
该研究地区的结核病和 RR-TB 患病率呈逐年下降趋势。虽然 TB 在生产年龄组（15 至 45 岁）中更为普遍，但 RR-TB 在老年人群（45 岁以上）中更为普遍，而非其他人群。此外，有抗结核药物暴露史的患者更有可能对 DR-TB 呈阳性，这突出表明需要加强直接督导下的短程化疗（DOT）方案，以对结核病治疗进行适当管理。
