Fungal communities associated with early immature tubers of wild .

Full myco-heterotrophic orchid Bl. is widely distributed in Northeast Asia, and previous research has not fully investigated the symbiotic fungal community of its early immature tubers. This study utilized Illumina sequencing to compare symbiotic fungal communities in natural immature tubers and their habitats. LEfSe (Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size) was used to screen for Biomarkers that could explain variations among different fungal communities, and correlation analyses were performed among Biomarkers and other common orchid mycorrhizal fungi. Our results illustrate that the symbiotic fungal communities of immature tubers cannot be simply interpreted as subsets of the environmental fungal communities because some key members cannot be traced back to the environment. The early growth of was related to a small group of fungi, such as , , and , which were also common mycorrhizal fungi from other orchids. In addition, , , and were unique fungal partners of , and many new species have yet to be discovered. Possible symbiotic should be and its sibling species in this case. Our results provide insight into the symbiotic partner switch and trophic pattern change during the development and maturation of .