Dokova Klara G, Pancheva Rouzha Z, Usheva Natalya V, Haralanova Galina A, Nikolova Silviya P, Kostadinova Todorka I, Egea Rodrigues Caue, Singh Jessica, Illner Anne-Kathrin, Aleksandrova Krasimira
Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organization, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Prof. Dr P. Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria.
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Prof. Dr P. Stoyanov, Varna, Bulgaria.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 7;9:919112. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.919112. eCollection 2022.
The current review aims to summarize published research on nutrition transition patterns (depicting changes in dietary consumption) in European populations over the last three decades (1990-2020), with a focus on East-West regional comparisons. Pubmed and Google-Scholar databases were searched for articles providing information on repeated dietary intakes in populations living in countries across Europe, published between January 1990 and July 2021. From the identified 18,031 articles, 62 were found eligible for review (17 from Eastern and 45 from Western European populations). Overall, both in Eastern and Western Europe, there have been pronounced changes in dietary consumption patterns over the last three decades characterized by reductions in average reported intakes of sugar, carbohydrates and saturated fats and increases in reported fruit and vegetable consumption. There has also been a tendency toward a reduction in traditional foods, such as fish, observed in some Mediterranean countries. Overall, these data suggests that European countries have undergone a nutrition transition toward adopting healthier dietary behaviors. These processes occurred already in the period 1990-2000 in many Western European, and in the last decades have been also spreading throughout Eastern European countries. Firm conclusions are hampered by the lack of standardized methodologies depicting changes in dietary intakes over time and the limited coverage of the full variety of European populations. Future studies based on standardized dietary assessment methods and representative for the whole range of populations across Europe are warranted to allow monitoring trends in nutrition transition within and among European countries.
本综述旨在总结过去三十年（1990 - 2020年）欧洲人群营养转型模式（描述饮食消费变化）的已发表研究，重点是东西方区域比较。在PubMed和谷歌学术数据库中搜索1990年1月至2021年7月期间发表的、提供欧洲各国人群重复饮食摄入量信息的文章。从识别出的18,031篇文章中，发现62篇符合综述条件（17篇来自东欧人群，45篇来自西欧人群）。总体而言，在过去三十年里，东欧和西欧的饮食消费模式都发生了显著变化，其特征是报告的糖、碳水化合物和饱和脂肪平均摄入量减少，水果和蔬菜消费量增加。在一些地中海国家，还出现了传统食物（如鱼类）消费量下降的趋势。总体而言，这些数据表明欧洲国家已经经历了向更健康饮食行为的营养转型。这些过程在1990 - 2000年期间已经在许多西欧国家发生，在过去几十年里也在东欧国家蔓延。由于缺乏描述饮食摄入量随时间变化的标准化方法以及对欧洲全体人群覆盖范围有限，难以得出确凿结论。有必要开展基于标准化饮食评估方法且能代表欧洲全体人群的未来研究，以便监测欧洲国家内部和之间的营养转型趋势。
