Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200234, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
Mol Genet Genomics. 2024 Feb 23;299(1):13. doi: 10.1007/s00438-024-02102-z.
Gamma (γ)-ray irradiation is one of the important modern breeding methods. Gamma-ray irradiation can affect the growth rate and other characteristics of plants. Plant growth rate is crucial for plants. In horticultural crops, the growth rate of plants is closely related to the growth of leaves and flowering time, both of which have important ornamental value. In this study, Co-γ-ray was used to treat P. equestris plants. After irradiation, the plant's leaf growth rate increased, and sugar content and antioxidant enzyme activity increased. Therefore, we used RNA-seq technology to analyze the differential gene expression and pathways of control leaves and irradiated leaves. Through transcriptome analysis, we investigated the reasons for the rapid growth of P. equestris leaves after irradiation. In the analysis, genes related to cell wall relaxation and glucose metabolism showed differential expression. In addition, the expression level of genes encoding ROS scavenging enzyme synthesis regulatory genes increased after irradiation. We identified two genes related to P. equestris leaf growth using VIGS technology: PeNGA and PeEXPA10. The expression of PeEXPA10, a gene related to cell wall expansion, was down-regulated, cell wall expansion ability decreased, cell size decreased, and leaf growth rate slowed down. The TCP-NGATHA (NGA) molecular regulatory module plays a crucial role in cell proliferation. When the expression of the PeNGA gene decreases, the leaf growth rate increases, and the number of cells increases. After irradiation, PeNGA and PeEXPA10 affect the growth of P. equestris leaves by influencing cell proliferation and cell expansion, respectively. In addition, many genes in the plant hormone signaling pathway show differential expression after irradiation, indicating the crucial role of plant hormones in plant leaf growth. This provides a theoretical basis for future research on leaf development and biological breeding.
γ-射线辐照是一种重要的现代育种方法。γ-射线辐照会影响植物的生长速度和其他特性。植物生长速度对植物至关重要。在园艺作物中，植物的生长速度与叶片生长和开花时间密切相关，这两者都具有重要的观赏价值。在本研究中，我们使用 Co-γ射线处理 P. equestris 植物。辐照后，植株叶片生长速度加快，糖含量和抗氧化酶活性提高。因此，我们使用 RNA-seq 技术分析对照叶和辐照叶的差异基因表达和通路。通过转录组分析，我们研究了 P. equestris 叶片辐照后快速生长的原因。在分析中，与细胞壁松弛和葡萄糖代谢相关的基因表现出差异表达。此外，辐照后编码 ROS 清除酶合成调控基因的表达水平增加。我们使用 VIGS 技术鉴定了与 P. equestris 叶片生长相关的两个基因：PeNGA 和 PeEXPA10。与细胞壁扩展相关的基因 PeEXPA10 的表达下调，细胞壁扩展能力下降，细胞尺寸减小，叶片生长速度减慢。TCP-NGATHA（NGA）分子调控模块在细胞增殖中起关键作用。当 PeNGA 基因的表达下调时，叶片生长速度加快，细胞数量增加。辐照后，PeNGA 和 PeEXPA10 通过影响细胞增殖和细胞扩展分别影响 P. equestris 叶片的生长。此外，植物激素信号通路中的许多基因在辐照后表现出差异表达，表明植物激素在植物叶片生长中起着关键作用。这为未来研究叶片发育和生物育种提供了理论依据。
