Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de la Catalunya Central, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, 08272 Sant Fruitos de Bages, Spain.
Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Gerència d'Atenció Primària i a la Comunitat de la Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut, 08272 Sant Fruitos de Bages, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Jan 29;21(2):152. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21020152.
The growth of chronic conditions worldwide poses a challenge for both health systems and the quality of life of people with these conditions. However, sex- and gender-based approaches are scarce in this field. Adopting this perspective, this study aims to describe the prevalence of chronic conditions in the Bages-Moianès region (Catalonia, Spain), and analyse the associations of chronic conditions with sex and age. This cross-sectional study used data from the population assigned to the Catalan Health Institute primary care settings in this area between 2018 and 2021 ( = 163,024). A total of 26 chronic conditions (grouped into 7 typologies), sex and age were the analysis variables. A total of 75,936 individuals presented at least one chronic condition, representing 46.6% of the analysed population. The prevalence was higher among women and older individuals. Being male was associated with a greater probability of presenting cardiovascular diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders and metabolic diseases and a lower probability of presenting neurodegenerative diseases, chronic pain and mental health disorders. Adjusting by sex, a positive age gradient was observed in most groups, except for respiratory diseases and mental health disorders. Chronic conditions have a high prevalence in the Bages-Moianès region, showing differences in typology, sex and age. Adopting gender perspectives (both in health systems and future research) is crucial when dealing with chronic conditions in order to take into account their differential impact.
全球慢性疾病的增长给卫生系统和这些疾病患者的生活质量带来了挑战。然而，在这个领域中，基于性别的方法却很少。本研究采用这种观点，旨在描述巴热斯-莫亚涅斯地区（西班牙加泰罗尼亚）的慢性疾病流行情况，并分析慢性疾病与性别和年龄的关联。本横断面研究使用了 2018 年至 2021 年间该地区分配给加泰罗尼亚卫生研究所初级保健机构的人群数据（n = 163,024）。共分析了 26 种慢性疾病（分为 7 种类型）、性别和年龄等变量。共有 75936 人至少患有一种慢性疾病，占分析人群的 46.6%。女性和年龄较大的人群患病率较高。男性患有心血管疾病、神经发育障碍和代谢疾病的概率较高，而患有神经退行性疾病、慢性疼痛和心理健康障碍的概率较低。在调整了性别因素后，除了呼吸系统疾病和心理健康障碍，大多数组别中都观察到了年龄与患病率呈正相关的趋势。巴热斯-莫亚涅斯地区的慢性疾病患病率较高，在类型、性别和年龄方面存在差异。在处理慢性疾病时，采用性别视角（无论是在卫生系统还是在未来的研究中）至关重要，因为这可以考虑到它们的差异化影响。
