Wong-Salgado Pedro, Soares Fabiano, Moya-Salazar Jeel, Ramírez-Méndez José F, Moya-Salazar Marcia M, Apesteguía Alfonso, Castro Americo
CANNAVITAL, Clínica Especializada en Terapias con Cannabinoides, Lima 15022, Peru.
RENATU Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15039, Peru.
Biomedicines. 2024 Jan 29;12(2):306. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12020306.
Cannabis is a plant that is cultivated worldwide, and its use is internationally regulated, but some countries have been regulating its medicinal, social, and industrial uses. This plant must have arrived in Peru during the Spanish conquest and remains widely cultivated illicitly or informally to this day. However, new regulations are currently being proposed to allow its legal commercialization for medicinal purposes. Cannabis contains specific metabolites known as cannabinoids, some of which have clinically demonstrated therapeutic effects. It is now possible to quantitatively measure the presence of these cannabinoids in dried inflorescences, thus allowing for description of the chemical profile or "chemotype" of cannabinoids in each sample. This study analyzed the chemotypes of eight samples of dried inflorescences from cannabis cultivars in four different regions of Peru, and based on the significant variation in the cannabinoid profiles, we suggest their therapeutic potential. The most important medical areas in which they could be used include the following: they can help manage chronic pain, they have antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, and antipruritic properties, are beneficial in treating duodenal ulcers, can be used in bronchodilators, in muscle relaxants, and in treating refractory epilepsy, have anxiolytic properties, reduce sebum, are effective on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, are proapoptotic in breast cancer, can be used to treat addiction and psychosis, and are effective on MRSA, in controlling psoriasis, and in treating glioblastoma, according to the properties of their concentrations of cannabidiol, cannabigerol, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, as reviewed in the literature. On the other hand, having obtained concentrations of THC, we were able to suggest the psychotropic capacity of said samples, one of which even fits within the legal category of "non-psychoactive cannabis" according to Peruvian regulations.
大麻是一种在全球范围内种植的植物，其使用受到国际监管，但一些国家一直在规范其药用、社会和工业用途。这种植物肯定是在西班牙征服时期传入秘鲁的，至今仍在广泛非法或非正规种植。然而，目前正在提议新的法规，允许其用于药用目的的合法商业化。大麻含有特定的代谢物，称为大麻素，其中一些已在临床上证明具有治疗作用。现在可以定量测量干花中这些大麻素的含量，从而能够描述每个样品中大麻素的化学特征或“化学型”。本研究分析了秘鲁四个不同地区大麻品种的八个干花样品的化学型，并基于大麻素谱的显著差异，我们提出了它们的治疗潜力。它们可用于的最重要医疗领域包括：有助于管理慢性疼痛，具有止吐、抗炎和止痒特性，对治疗十二指肠溃疡有益，可用于支气管扩张剂、肌肉松弛剂和治疗难治性癫痫，具有抗焦虑特性，减少皮脂，对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌有效，对乳腺癌有促凋亡作用，可用于治疗成瘾和精神病，对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌有效，可控制牛皮癣和治疗胶质母细胞瘤，这是根据文献中对其大麻二酚、大麻萜酚和Δ9-四氢大麻酚浓度特性的综述得出的。另一方面，通过获得四氢大麻酚的浓度，我们能够推断出所述样品的精神活性能力，其中一个样品甚至符合秘鲁法规中“非精神活性大麻”的合法类别。
