Alberca-Del Arco Fernardo, Prieto-Cuadra Daniel, Santos-Perez de la Blanca Rocio, Sáez-Barranquero Felipe, Matas-Rico Elisa, Herrera-Imbroda Bernardo
Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Feb 16;16(4):803. doi: 10.3390/cancers16040803.
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumors in the world. Cystoscopy and tissue biopsy are the standard methods in screening and early diagnosis of suspicious bladder lesions. However, they are invasive procedures that may cause pain and infectious complications. Considering the limitations of both procedures, and the recurrence and resistance to BC treatment, it is necessary to develop a new non-invasive methodology for early diagnosis and multiple evaluations in patients under follow-up for bladder cancer. In recent years, liquid biopsy has proven to be a very useful diagnostic tool for the detection of tumor biomarkers. This non-invasive technique makes it possible to analyze single tumor components released into the peripheral circulation and to monitor tumor progression. Numerous biomarkers are being studied and interesting clinical applications for these in BC are being presented, with promising results in early diagnosis, detection of microscopic disease, and prediction of recurrence and response to treatment.
膀胱癌（BC）是世界上最常见的肿瘤之一。膀胱镜检查和组织活检是筛查和早期诊断可疑膀胱病变的标准方法。然而，它们是侵入性操作，可能会引起疼痛和感染并发症。考虑到这两种操作的局限性以及膀胱癌治疗的复发和耐药性，有必要开发一种新的非侵入性方法，用于膀胱癌随访患者的早期诊断和多次评估。近年来，液体活检已被证明是检测肿瘤生物标志物的非常有用的诊断工具。这种非侵入性技术能够分析释放到外周循环中的单个肿瘤成分，并监测肿瘤进展。目前正在研究众多生物标志物，并展示了它们在膀胱癌中的有趣临床应用，在早期诊断、微小疾病检测以及复发和治疗反应预测方面取得了有前景的结果。
