Bowdring Molly A, McCarthy Denis M, Fairbairn Catharine E, Prochaska Judith J
Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, USA.
Addiction. 2024 Jun;119(6):1080-1089. doi: 10.1111/add.16452. Epub 2024 Feb 25.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Non-alcoholic beverages (NABs) that mimic alcohol without inducing intoxication, such as non-alcoholic beers, non-alcoholic wines and spirit-free drinks, are increasing in popularity. It is unknown whether NABs help to mitigate or stimulate alcohol use. The present study aimed to describe NAB consumption practices among US adults consuming alcohol, characterize who is likely to consume NABs and examine whether NAB use influences desire for and perceived consumption of alcohol. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: The survey study used data collected June-July 2023 from an on-line convenience sample. The first survey (n = 1906) assessed frequency of NAB consumption among US adults who consume alcohol. A second more detailed survey on use patterns was conducted with 466 respondents who reported past-year NAB consumption, of whom 153 (32.83%) screened positive on the CAGE questionnaire for alcohol use disorder (AUD). SETTING: This study took place in the United States. MEASUREMENTS: NAB consumption measures included type of NAB consumed, frequency, quantity, first consumption age, consumption reasons, consumption contexts and perceived effect on desire for and consumption of alcohol. Alcohol use measures included frequency, quantity and first consumption age. FINDINGS: Past-year NAB use was endorsed by 28.44% of respondents (61.70% ever used). Non-alcoholic liquor/'mocktails' were the most common NAB type consumed (83.69%). Compared with respondents without AUD, those who screened positive for AUD were significantly more likely to consume NABs in an effort to decrease or abstain from drinking alcohol [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.24-5.58] and 67.97% endorsed less alcohol consumption (3.23% endorsed more) due to their NAB use. NAB consumption frequency and quantity were significantly positively predicted by alcohol consumption frequency (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.17-1.83) and quantity (β = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.15-0.35), respectively. CONCLUSION: Adults who consume alcohol and screen positive for alcohol use disorder report drinking non-alcoholic beverages as a harm reduction strategy.
背景与目的：不含酒精的饮品（NABs），如无醇啤酒、无醇葡萄酒和无酒精饮料，它们模仿酒精但不会使人醉酒，正越来越受欢迎。目前尚不清楚NABs是有助于减轻还是刺激酒精使用。本研究旨在描述美国饮酒成年人中NABs的消费习惯，确定哪些人可能会消费NABs，并研究NABs的使用是否会影响对酒精的渴望及感知到的酒精消费量。 设计与参与者：这项调查研究使用了2023年6月至7月从在线便利样本中收集的数据。第一次调查（n = 1906）评估了美国饮酒成年人中NABs的消费频率。对466名报告过去一年有NABs消费的受访者进行了第二次关于使用模式的更详细调查，其中153人（32.83%）在CAGE问卷上筛查出酒精使用障碍（AUD）呈阳性。 地点：本研究在美国进行。 测量：NABs消费指标包括所消费的NABs类型、频率、数量、首次消费年龄、消费原因、消费场景以及对酒精渴望和消费量的感知影响。酒精使用指标包括频率、数量和首次消费年龄。 研究结果：28.44%的受访者认可过去一年使用过NABs（61.70%的人曾使用过）。无酒精烈酒/“模拟鸡尾酒 ”是最常消费的NABs类型（83.69%）。与未患酒精使用障碍的受访者相比，酒精使用障碍筛查呈阳性的受访者为减少或戒酒而消费NABs的可能性显著更高[调整后的优势比（AOR）= 3.54，95%置信区间（CI）= 2.24 - 5.58]，67.97%的人认可由于使用NABs而减少了酒精消费（3.23%的人认可增加了酒精消费）。酒精消费频率（AOR = 1.46，95% CI = 1.17 - 1.83）和数量（β = 0.25，95% CI = 0.15 - 0.35）分别对NABs消费频率和数量有显著的正向预测作用。 结论：饮酒且酒精使用障碍筛查呈阳性的成年人将饮用不含酒精的饮品作为一种减少危害的策略。
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