Jin Mengting, Guo Peng, Xu Quan, Ba Yanjun, Wang Xuan
China Geological Survey Urumqi Comprehensive Survey Center on Natural Resources, Urumqi, 830057, China.
College of Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Feb 18;10(4):e26499. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26499. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.
Accurately portraying the mechanism of the flow of natural resource consumption between regions and its impact on ecology is of crucial value in deepening the understanding of the coordinated relationship between population, resources, environment and development. Consequently, this promotes the sustainable development of the natural economy and society. Based on a regional-industrial perspective, this study used a localized three-dimensional ecological footprint model to measure and decompose natural resources in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020. In doing so, the study clarified the supply, demand, and flow utilization of natural capital in Xinjiang, the balance of spatial and temporal allocation of resources, the coupling between economic growth and resource consumption, and the coordination between industrial structure and ecological environment. The results showed that (1) Xinjiang's per capita ecological deficit grew from 2.096 to 11.667 in 2005-2020. Moreover, the energy footprint was a decisive part of the ecological deficit throughout the study period. Furthermore, the trend of increased ecological pressure was higher in northern and eastern Xinjiang than in southern Xinjiang. (2) The overall Gini coefficient of Xinjiang's ecological carrying capacity was at the critical value of spatial equilibrium (0.4), with differences between the groups: Northern & Southern Xinjiang > Northern & Eastern Xinjiang > Eastern & Southern Xinjiang. The reasons for this inter-regional economic disparity are related to fiscal expenditure/GDP, level of urbanization, and regional industrial output. Overall, the decoupling relationship between environmental pressures and economic growth was optimistic. (3) From an industrial perspective, the levels of industrial structural efficiency and the industrial ecological harmony index were still relatively low, but the overall trend was on the rise. (4) Resource endowment, economic development, consumption structure, and population had significant driving effects on the ecological footprint, whereas environmental protection, science, and technology could inhibit its growth to a certain extent. This study aimed to provide an in-depth analysis of the current situation and problems of natural resource use in Xinjiang and provide theoretical and practical references for sustainable development in the region.
准确描绘区域间自然资源消耗流动机制及其对生态的影响，对于深化理解人口、资源、环境与发展之间的协调关系具有至关重要的价值。因此，这促进了自然经济和社会的可持续发展。基于区域 - 产业视角，本研究使用本地化三维生态足迹模型对2005年至2020年新疆的自然资源进行了测度与分解。通过这样做，该研究阐明了新疆自然资本的供给、需求和流动利用情况，资源时空配置的平衡情况，经济增长与资源消耗之间的耦合关系，以及产业结构与生态环境之间的协调性。结果表明：（1）2005 - 2020年新疆人均生态赤字从2.096增长到11.667。此外，在整个研究期间，能源足迹是生态赤字的决定性部分。而且，新疆北部和东部生态压力增加的趋势高于南部。（2）新疆生态承载力的总体基尼系数处于空间均衡的临界值（0.4），组间存在差异：北疆与南疆＞北疆与东疆＞东疆与南疆。这种区域间经济差距的原因与财政支出/国内生产总值、城市化水平和区域产业产出有关。总体而言，环境压力与经济增长之间的脱钩关系较为乐观。（3）从产业角度看，产业结构效率和产业生态和谐指数水平仍相对较低，但总体呈上升趋势。（4）资源禀赋、经济发展、消费结构和人口对生态足迹有显著驱动作用，而环境保护、科学技术在一定程度上可以抑制其增长。本研究旨在深入分析新疆自然资源利用的现状和问题，为该地区的可持续发展提供理论和实践参考。
