Allam Nesreen Allam Tantawy, Hamouda Ragaa Abd El-Fatah, Sedky Doaa, Abdelsalam Mahinour Ezzeldin, El-Gawad Mona Ebrahim Hussien Abd, Hassan Noha Mahmoud Fahmy, Aboelsoued Dina, Elmaaty Amal M Abou, Ibrahim Muhammad A, Taie Hanan Anwar Aly, Hakim Ashraf Samir, Desouky Hassan Mohamed, Megeed Kadria Nasr Abdel, Abdel-Hamid Marwa Salah
Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, 5 Zone, Sadat City, Munofia, Egypt.
Vet World. 2024 Jan;17(1):108-124. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.108-124. Epub 2024 Jan 18.
Global efforts are continuing to develop preparations against cryptosporidiosis. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of biosynthesized loading oil extract on new zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs shorten to ZnNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as alternative treatments for experimental infection in rats.
Oil extract was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, loaded by on ionic-based ZnO and NPs, and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Biosafety and toxicity were investigated by skin tests. A total of 10 oocysts/rat were used (n = 81, 2-3 W, 80-120 g, 9 male rats/group). Oocysts shedding was counted for 21 d. Doses of each preparation in addition to reference drug were administered daily for 7 d, starting on post-infection (PI) day (3). Nitazoxanide (100 mg) was used as the reference drug. After 3 weeks, the rats were sacrificed for postmortem examination and histopathological examination. Two blood samples/rat/group were collected on the 21 day. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood samples were also used for analysis of biochemistry, hematology, immunology, micronucleus prevalence, and chromosomal abnormalities.
leaves yielded 28.5 ± 0.3 g/kg oil and 20 phycocompounds were identified. Spherical and rod-shaped particles were detected at 10.47-30.98 nm and 18.83-38.39 nm, respectively. ZnNPs showed the earliest anti-cryptosporidiosis effect during 7-17 d PI. Other hematological, biochemical, immunological, histological, and genotoxicity parameters were significantly fruitful; hence, normalized pathological changes induced by infestation were observed in the NPs treatments groups against the infestation-free and Nitazoxanide treated group.
, , ZnNPs, and AgNPs have refluxed the pathological effects of infection as well as positively improved host physiological condition by its anticryptosporidial immunostimulant regenerative effects with sufficient ecofriendly properties to be proposed as an alternative to traditional drugs, especially in individuals with medical reactions against chemical commercial drugs.
全球仍在继续努力研发针对隐孢子虫病的制剂。本研究旨在探讨生物合成负载油提取物对新型氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnONPs，简称为ZnNPs）和银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）作为大鼠实验性感染替代治疗方法的疗效。
通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用对油提取物进行表征，负载于离子型氧化锌和纳米颗粒上，然后通过透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射进行表征。通过皮肤试验研究生物安全性和毒性。每组使用9只雄性大鼠（n = 81，2 - 3周龄，80 - 120 g），每只大鼠接种10个卵囊。在21天内对卵囊排出情况进行计数。从感染后（PI）第3天开始，除参考药物外，每天给予每种制剂剂量，持续7天。硝唑尼特（100 mg）用作参考药物。3周后，处死大鼠进行尸检和组织病理学检查。在第21天每组每只大鼠采集两份血液样本。乙二胺四乙酸血液样本还用于生化、血液学、免疫学、微核发生率和染色体异常分析。
叶片产油率为28.5±0.3 g/kg，鉴定出20种藻化合物。分别检测到球形和棒状颗粒，粒径分别为10.47 - 30.98 nm和18.83 - 38.39 nm。ZnNPs在感染后7 - 17天显示出最早的抗隐孢子虫病作用。其他血液学、生化、免疫学、组织学和遗传毒性参数均有显著成效；因此，在纳米颗粒治疗组中观察到与未感染组和硝唑尼特治疗组相比，由感染引起的病理变化得到了改善。
ZnNPs和AgNPs通过其抗隐孢子虫免疫刺激再生作用，减轻了感染的病理影响，并积极改善了宿主的生理状况，具有足够的生态友好特性，可作为传统药物的替代品，尤其适用于对化学商业药物有药物反应的个体。
