Department of Human Sciences, Institute of Sport Science, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg, Germany.
Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 9;12:1353119. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1353119. eCollection 2024.
The workplace is a recognized setting for promoting health among adults, and physical activity (PA) interventions are an integral part of workplace health promotion (WHP).
The present review of reviews aims to provide an overview of the main objectives and related outcomes addressed in WHP-related PA interventions, as well as the setting-specific aspects considered in the research field.
A scoping review of reviews was conducted. Reviews were included if they were peer-reviewed, written in English, and focused on PA interventions conducted in the context of WHP. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Reviews were included if they had been published after the year 2000. Information on the following dimensions was extracted: author, region, number of primary studies included, target group(s), PA interventions included, main objective(s), related outcomes, and setting-specific aspects.
A total of 17 reviews were included. Six reviews aimed at solely identifying the effectiveness of promoting daily PA and reducing sedentary behavior. Eleven reviews showed a combined approach considering physical activity behavior and/or health and job-related outcomes. Outcomes in the primary studies were heterogeneous. None of the reviews had an explicit definition of WHP and setting-specific information was very general and sparse. The reported setting-specific information was referred to the general importance of the workplace setting, the specific importance as an access route to target groups, and implementation aspects. Regarding the additional characteristics of the reviews, the selection of primary studies was restricted to a specific region in 2 of the 17 reviews in advance. Three reviews restricted the target group (sedentary workers, women, desk-based workers), while eleven reviews included working adults in general and, three reviews gave no information about the target group. Eleven intervention approaches of the reviews were behaviorally oriented, two focused solely on environmental interventions, and four reviews can be attributed to a combined approach considering behavioral and environmental interventions.
For sustainable future developments, the present results indicate a strong need for conceptual consolidation of WHP in the research field of PA interventions. Therefore, both WHP and health-related PA interventions need to take a comprehensive approach comprising behavioral and environmental interventions.
工作场所是促进成年人健康的公认场所，而身体活动（PA）干预措施是工作场所健康促进（WHP）的重要组成部分。
本综述旨在概述 WHP 相关 PA 干预措施中所涉及的主要目标和相关结果，以及研究领域中考虑到的特定于工作场所的方面。
进行了范围综述。综述纳入标准为同行评议、英文写作且聚焦于 WHP 背景下开展的 PA 干预措施。在 PubMed、SPORTDiscus 和 Web of Science 中进行文献检索。综述纳入标准为发表于 2000 年以后。提取的信息包括：作者、地区、纳入的原始研究数量、目标人群、包含的 PA 干预措施、主要目标、相关结果以及特定于工作场所的方面。
共纳入 17 篇综述。其中 6 篇综述旨在仅确定促进日常 PA 和减少久坐行为的有效性。11 篇综述采用了综合方法，同时考虑了身体活动行为和/或健康和工作相关结果。原始研究中的结果存在异质性。没有一篇综述对 WHP 有明确的定义，且特定于工作场所的信息非常笼统且稀少。综述中报告的特定于工作场所的信息是指工作场所环境的重要性、作为接触目标人群的特定途径的重要性以及实施方面。关于综述的其他特征，17 篇综述中有 2 篇在开始时就将原始研究的选择限定在特定地区。3 篇综述限定了目标人群（久坐人群、女性、伏案工作者），11 篇综述则纳入了一般的成年工作者，3 篇综述没有提供关于目标人群的信息。17 篇综述中的 11 种干预方法为行为导向，2 种方法仅关注环境干预，4 种综述可归为同时考虑行为和环境干预的综合方法。
为了可持续的未来发展，本研究结果表明，在 PA 干预措施的 WHP 研究领域中，迫切需要对 WHP 进行概念上的整合。因此，WHP 和与健康相关的 PA 干预措施都需要采取全面的方法，包括行为和环境干预。
