Longping Branch Graduate School, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; Key laboratory of Pesticide Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Environ Res. 2024 Jun 1;250:118509. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118509. Epub 2024 Feb 24.
Glyphosate (GLY) is among the most widely used pesticides in the world. However, there are a lot of unknowns about chronic exposure to GLY's effects on Honeybee (HB) behavior and physiology. To address this, we carried out five experiments to study the impact of chronic exposure to 5 mg/kg GLY on sugar consumption, survival, gene expression, gut microbiota, and metabolites of HB workers. Our results find a significant decrease in sugar consumption and survival probability of HB after chronic exposure to GLY. Further, genes associated with immune response, energy metabolism, and longevity were conspicuously altered. In addition, a total of seven metabolites were found to be differentially expressed in the metabolomic profiles, mainly related the sucrose metabolism. There was no significant difference in the gut microbiota. Results suggest that chronic exposure to field-level GLY altered the health of HB and the intricate toxic mechanisms. Our data provided insights into the chronic effects of GLY on HB behavior in food intake and health, which represents the field conditions where HB are exposed to pesticides over extended periods.
草甘膦（GLY）是世界上使用最广泛的农药之一。然而，关于慢性接触 GLY 对蜜蜂（HB）行为和生理的影响，仍有许多未知因素。为了解决这一问题，我们进行了五项实验，研究了慢性接触 5mg/kg GLY 对蜜蜂工蜂的糖消耗、生存、基因表达、肠道微生物群和代谢物的影响。我们的结果发现，蜜蜂在慢性接触 GLY 后，糖消耗和生存概率显著下降。此外，与免疫反应、能量代谢和长寿相关的基因明显改变。此外，在代谢组学图谱中发现了总共七种差异表达的代谢物，主要与蔗糖代谢有关。肠道微生物群没有显著差异。结果表明，慢性接触田间水平的 GLY 改变了 HB 的健康和复杂的毒性机制。我们的数据为 GLY 对 HB 在食物摄入和健康方面的慢性影响提供了新的见解，这代表了 HB 长期暴露于农药的田间条件。
