育肥猪胃溃疡：选定的非饮食风险因素评估及其对生产性能的影响
Gastric ulcers in finishing pigs: the evaluation of selected non-dietary risk factors and impact on production performance.
作者信息
Cybulski Piotr, Woźniak Aleksandra, Larska Magdalena, Jabłoński Artur, Stadejek Tomasz
机构信息
Goodvalley Agro S.A, Dworcowa 25, 77-320, Przechlewo, Poland.
Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
出版信息
Porcine Health Manag. 2024 Feb 26;10(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40813-024-00362-0.
BACKGROUND
The complex aetiology of gastric lesions in pigs remains largely unknown and effective preventive measures and pharmaceutical treatment of the disease have not been developed yet. Regardless of the fact that the overwhelming majority of previous research works dealing with gastric ulceration in pigs focused on the role of the nutritional determinants, including chemical composition of feeds, cereal type, finely ground pelleted diets, and feed additives, conclusions presented therein remain highly ambiguous. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the disease on production performance, and investigate the influence of selected non-dietary risk factors on the prevalence of gastric alterations in finishing pigs reared under conditions of 11 modern farms located in Poland.
RESULTS
A total number of 26,043 finishing pigs was examined. 15,228 (58.47%) had gastric ulcers. Intact stomachs were detected in 6176 animals (23.71%). Parakeratosis and erosion were observed in 2551 (9.80%) and 2088 (8.02%), respectively. Among eight continuous variables two were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of the gastric ulcer: the growing number of animals in the herd, which was negatively correlated (P = 0.002; ρ = -0.37), and the growing average entry weight of animals transported to the finisher farm (P = 0.047; ρ = 0.24), which increased the risk of gastric ulcers prevalence. Among 12 nominal variables, problems with the quality of farm management (P = 0.041), and usage of straw as a bedding material (P = 0.002) were identified as determinants significantly associated with occurrence of the analysed health problem.
CONCLUSIONS
Among 20 non-nutritional variables analysed in our study only few factors were found to be associated with the prevalence of the disease. The impact of broadly understood management issues on gastric health in finishing pigs deserves further research.
背景
猪胃部病变的复杂病因在很大程度上仍不明确，针对该疾病的有效预防措施和药物治疗尚未研发出来。尽管此前绝大多数关于猪胃溃疡的研究工作都聚焦于营养决定因素的作用，包括饲料的化学成分、谷物类型、精细粉碎的颗粒饲料以及饲料添加剂，但其中得出的结论仍高度模糊。因此，本研究的目的是评估该疾病对生产性能的影响，并调查选定的非饮食风险因素对位于波兰的11个现代化农场饲养的育肥猪胃部病变患病率的影响。
结果
共检查了26,043头育肥猪。其中15,228头（58.47%）患有胃溃疡。在6176头动物（23.71%）中检测到胃完整。分别在2551头（9.80%）和2088头（8.02%）动物中观察到角化不全和糜烂。在八个连续变量中，发现有两个与胃溃疡患病率显著相关：猪群中动物数量的增加呈负相关（P = 0.002；ρ = -0.37），以及运往育肥猪场的动物平均入场体重的增加（P = 0.047；ρ = 0.24），这增加了胃溃疡患病率的风险。在12个名义变量中，农场管理质量问题（P = 0.041）以及使用稻草作为垫料（P = 0.002）被确定为与所分析的健康问题发生显著相关的决定因素。
结论
在我们研究中分析的20个非营养变量中，仅发现少数因素与该疾病的患病率相关。广义理解的管理问题对育肥猪胃部健康的影响值得进一步研究。
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