Nonaka Tetsushi, Gandon Enora, Endler John A, Coyle Thelma, Bootsma Reinoud J
Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London WC1H 0PY, UK.
PNAS Nexus. 2024 Feb 27;3(2):pgae055. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae055. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Pottery is a quintessential indicator of human cultural dynamics. Cultural alignment of behavioral repertoires and artifacts has been considered to rest upon two distinct dynamics: selective transmission of information and culture-specific biased transformation. In a cross-cultural field experiment, we tested whether community-specific morphological features of ceramic vessels would arise when the same unfamiliar shapes were reproduced by professional potters from three different communities who threw vessels using wheels. We analyzed the details of the underlying morphogenesis development of vessels in wheel throwing. When expert potters from three different communities of practice were instructed to faithfully reproduce common unfamiliar model shapes that were not parts of the daily repertoires, the morphometric variation in the final shape was not random; rather, different potters produced vessels with more morphometric variation among than within communities, indicating the presence of community-specific deviations of morphological features of vessels. Furthermore, this was found both in the final shape and in the underlying process of morphogenesis; there was more variation in the morphogenetic path among than within communities. These results suggest that the morphological features of ceramic vessels produced by potters reliably and nonrandomly diverge among different communities. The present study provides empirical evidence that collective alignment of morphological features of ceramic vessels can arise from the community-specific habits of fashioning clay.
陶器是人类文化动态变化的典型指标。行为模式与人工制品的文化一致性被认为基于两种不同的动态变化:信息的选择性传播和特定文化的偏向性转变。在一项跨文化实地实验中,我们测试了来自三个不同社群的专业陶工使用陶轮制作相同的陌生形状时,陶瓷容器是否会出现特定社群的形态特征。我们分析了陶轮制作中容器潜在形态发生发展的细节。当来自三个不同实践社群的专业陶工被要求忠实地复制不属于日常制作范围的常见陌生模型形状时,最终形状的形态测量变异并非随机的;相反,不同陶工制作的容器在社群之间比在社群内部具有更多的形态测量变异,这表明容器形态特征存在特定社群的偏差。此外,这在最终形状和形态发生的潜在过程中都有发现;形态发生路径在社群之间比在社群内部有更多变异。这些结果表明,陶工制作的陶瓷容器的形态特征在不同社群之间可靠且非随机地存在差异。本研究提供了实证证据,证明陶瓷容器形态特征的集体一致性可能源于特定社群塑造黏土的习惯。