Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 14;12:1298297. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298297. eCollection 2024.
HIV/AIDS is still a major worldwide health concern, and Indonesia is making efforts to mitigate its effects. Antiretroviral therapy (ARV), which aims to decrease viral replication, boost immunological function, and lengthen the lifespans of persons living with HIV/AIDS, is the cornerstone of Indonesia's strategy. The availability of ARV has significantly increased, yet problems including stigma and the requirement for regular medication adherence still exist. To address the broader needs of those affected by HIV/AIDS, Indonesia lays a major focus on comprehensive care, which includes mental health and social support, in addition to ARV. Data show that, despite progress, there is still a stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS, which affects patient outcomes and access to care. With vigorous research into cutting-edge antiretroviral medications and treatment techniques, Indonesia has a thriving future therapeutic landscape. The goals of these programs are to increase treatment effectiveness, decrease side effects, and increase access to cutting-edge treatments. Preventive methods, such as PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), are making progress, and efforts to find a cure are gaining prominence. Notably, HIV/AIDS management plan of Indonesia heavily relies on natural remedies. Patient care incorporates traditional Indonesian medicine, such as jamu and several herbal medicines. Although there is little scientific proof to support the effectiveness of these herbal remedies, complementary and alternative therapies frequently employ them to manage symptoms and promote general wellness. In terms of the 95-95-95 targets, Indonesia is making an effort to comply with these international goals by seeking to diagnose 95% of HIV-positive individuals, provide sustained ARV to 95% of those diagnosed, and achieve viral suppression in 95% of ARV recipients. Although there are gaps in reaching these aims, progress is being made, in part because of the aforementioned challenges. In summary, Indonesia employs a multimodal approach to HIV/AIDS management, including traditional herbal cures, continuous research into cutting-edge treatments, and conventional ARV. In order to enhance overall health outcomes and create a healthier society, the future of HIV/AIDS treatment in Indonesia is concentrated on expanding therapeutic alternatives, reaching the 95-95-95 targets, decreasing stigma, and improving access to care.
艾滋病仍然是全球主要的健康关注点，印度尼西亚正在努力减轻其影响。抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）是印度尼西亚战略的基石，旨在降低病毒复制，增强免疫功能，延长艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者的寿命。ART 的可及性显著提高，但仍存在污名和定期服药依从性的问题。为了满足受艾滋病影响人群的更广泛需求，印度尼西亚除了提供抗逆转录病毒药物外，还主要侧重于提供全面关怀，包括心理健康和社会支持。数据显示，尽管取得了进展，但艾滋病仍然存在污名化问题，这影响了患者的治疗效果和获得治疗的机会。印度尼西亚正在大力研究前沿的抗逆转录病毒药物和治疗技术，拥有充满活力的未来治疗前景。这些项目的目标是提高治疗效果、降低副作用和增加获得先进治疗的机会。预防方法，如暴露前预防（PrEP），正在取得进展，寻找治愈方法的工作也日益受到重视。值得注意的是，印度尼西亚的艾滋病管理计划严重依赖于天然药物。患者护理包括传统的印度尼西亚药物，如 jamu 和几种草药。尽管这些草药的有效性几乎没有科学证据支持，但补充和替代疗法经常使用它们来控制症状和促进整体健康。在 95-95-95 目标方面，印度尼西亚正在努力通过寻求诊断 95%的艾滋病病毒阳性个体、为 95%被诊断出的人提供持续的抗逆转录病毒药物治疗以及实现 95%抗逆转录病毒药物接受者的病毒抑制，来遵守这些国际目标。尽管在实现这些目标方面存在差距，但仍在取得进展，部分原因是上述挑战。总的来说，印度尼西亚采用多模式方法来管理艾滋病，包括传统的草药治疗、对前沿治疗方法的持续研究以及常规的抗逆转录病毒药物治疗。为了提高整体健康结果并创建一个更健康的社会，印度尼西亚未来的艾滋病治疗重点是扩大治疗选择、实现 95-95-95 目标、减少污名化和改善获得治疗的机会。
