Department of Biological Sciences of the Environment, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria.
Acta Parasitol. 2024 Mar;69(1):791-802. doi: 10.1007/s11686-024-00806-1. Epub 2024 Feb 29.
The epidemiological survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of eimeriosis in broiler chickens slaughtered depending the season, to determine the different Eimeria species causing the coccidiosis in poultry farms; and to assess the impact of Eimeria parasite on histomorphological structure and oxidative stress parameters of the intestine.
The study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019 in the province of Bejaia, Algeria. The intestines chickens (n = 366) were obtained immediately after slaughter, each cut into different segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and caecum). Microscopic and parasitological examinations were performed according to standard procedures. Histomorphometric measurements of intestine were obtained using Image J software. Oxidative stress parameters were carried out from intestine tissue.
Eimeria spp. were detected in 73.77% (95% CI 71.20-76.34) of broiler gut samples. The prevalence varied significantly according to the season, with the lowest rates in winter (42.81%, 95% CI 40.35-45.27) and the highest in autumn (97.92%, 95% CI 97.6-99.4). All seven Eimeria species were identified, most commonly E. necatrix (27.70%), E. brunetti (26.47%), and E. tenella (20.96%). The mean lesion score ranged from 1.51 ± 0.05 to 1.79 ± 0.04. Significant differences in VH/CD ratio of intestinal epithelium (P < 0.001) were observed in different intestinal portions of infested broiler chickens compared to non-infested. The mean MDA concentration of intestinal segments was significantly higher in Eimeria species infested broilers compared to non-infested (P < 0.05). The results show at least one difference in CAT, SOD, and ABTS concentrations (P < 0.05) in both chicken's groups.
Our results revealed that coccidiosis is extremely prevalent in slaughtered broilers, with an abundance of pathogenic Eimeria species. Also, it was concluded that infestation induces tissue structure alterations which coincides with the oxidative damage.
本研究旨在根据季节调查肉鸡屠宰场球虫病的流行情况，确定引起家禽养殖场球虫病的不同艾美耳球虫种类，并评估艾美耳寄生虫对肠道组织形态结构和氧化应激参数的影响。
本研究于 2018 年 12 月至 2019 年 12 月在阿尔及利亚贝贾亚省进行。屠宰后立即获取肉鸡的肠道（n=366），每个肠道切成不同的部分（十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠）。根据标准程序进行显微镜和寄生虫学检查。使用 Image J 软件获取肠道组织形态计量学测量值。从肠道组织中提取氧化应激参数。
在 73.77%（95%置信区间 71.20-76.34）的肉鸡肠道样本中检测到艾美耳球虫。根据季节的不同，其流行率差异显著，冬季最低（42.81%，95%置信区间 40.35-45.27），秋季最高（97.92%，95%置信区间 97.6-99.4）。共鉴定出七种艾美耳球虫，最常见的是柔嫩艾美耳球虫（27.70%）、布氏艾美耳球虫（26.47%）和毒害艾美耳球虫（20.96%）。肠道病变评分的平均值范围为 1.51±0.05 至 1.79±0.04。与未感染鸡相比，感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫的肉鸡不同肠道部位的 VH/CD 比值存在显著差异（P<0.001）。与未感染鸡相比，感染艾美耳球虫的肉鸡肠道各段 MDA 浓度均显著升高（P<0.05）。结果表明，在两组鸡的 CAT、SOD 和 ABTS 浓度中至少有一个差异（P<0.05）。
本研究结果表明，肉鸡屠宰场的球虫病极其普遍，存在大量致病性艾美耳球虫。此外，感染还会导致组织结构改变，这与氧化损伤一致。
