Tettegah Eric, Hormenu Thomas, Ebu-Enyan Nancy Innocentia
Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Faculty of Science and Technology Education, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Front Glob Womens Health. 2024 Feb 15;4:1140867. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1140867. eCollection 2023.
Anaemia during pregnancy is a major public health concern in both advanced and less-developed countries including Ghana. The prevalence of anaemia in Ghana has a serious repercussion on the country's social and economic development. This prevalence has been linked to various factors, including educational level and occupational status.
A prospective study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing anaemia among 150 pregnant women, aged 15-49 years, who attended antenatal clinics in the Adaklu District of the Volta region of Ghana. Haemoglobin levels were assessed in the first, second, and third trimesters, and a questionnaire was also used to collect data on demographic information and barriers to maintaining haemoglobin levels. The data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, and binary logistic regression.
The prevalence of pregnancy anaemia in the district was 78.5%. The study found that 92% and 8% of pregnant women had excellent and good knowledge on anaemia in pregnancy, respectively. The study also identified several barriers to maintaining an appropriate haemoglobin level during pregnancy, such as long distances to healthcare facilities, non-intake of antimalarial drugs, and lack of nutritious meals. Finally, the study found that low education level, number of pregnancies, and number of children a woman had were significant determinants of anaemia during pregnancy in the district.
The findings of the study suggest that targeted interventions are needed to reduce the burden of anaemia during pregnancy in the district. These interventions should address the social and environmental determinants of anaemia during pregnancy, such as improving access to healthcare facilities and promoting healthy eating habits. In addition, interventions that address social determinants of health, such as education and occupation, may be effective in reducing the burden of anaemia during pregnancy in the district.
在包括加纳在内的发达国家和欠发达国家，孕期贫血都是一个重大的公共卫生问题。加纳贫血症的流行对该国的社会和经济发展产生了严重影响。这种流行与多种因素有关，包括教育水平和职业状况。
进行了一项前瞻性研究，以调查影响150名年龄在15至49岁之间、在加纳沃尔特地区阿达克鲁区产前诊所就诊的孕妇贫血的因素。在孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期评估血红蛋白水平，并使用问卷收集人口统计学信息以及维持血红蛋白水平的障碍方面的数据。使用频率、百分比和二元逻辑回归对数据进行分析。
该地区孕期贫血的患病率为78.5%。研究发现，分别有92%和8%的孕妇对孕期贫血有良好和较好的了解。该研究还确定了孕期维持适当血红蛋白水平的几个障碍，如距离医疗机构较远、未服用抗疟药物以及缺乏营养膳食。最后，研究发现低教育水平、怀孕次数和妇女所育子女数是该地区孕期贫血的重要决定因素。
研究结果表明，需要采取有针对性的干预措施来减轻该地区孕期贫血的负担。这些干预措施应解决孕期贫血的社会和环境决定因素，如改善获得医疗设施的机会和促进健康的饮食习惯。此外，解决教育和职业等健康社会决定因素的干预措施可能有效减轻该地区孕期贫血的负担。
