Manghat Sreeja, Sarkar Sonali, Kar Sitanshu Sekhar, Bethou Adhisivam
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine (P&SM), Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2024 Jan-Feb;49(1):64-69. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_729_22. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
To compare the morbidity and treatment-seeking pattern of low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) infants during the first six months.
A prospective cohort study was conducted in the service areas of eight urban primary health centers of Puducherry from October 2019 to July 2021. Details of LBW and sex-matched NBW infants were obtained from the birth registers of selected PHCs. Data were collected using a structured interview schedule on completion of the first, third, and sixth months at their homes. For comparison, Mid-p exact test was used for incidence rates, -test/Mann-Whitney for continuous variables and the Chi-square/Fisher's exact test for the categorical variables.
Ninety-four pairs of LBWS and NBW infants were recruited. The incidence of morbidity during the first six months among LBW and NBW infants was 37.5 and 33.3 episodes per 100 child months, respectively ( value 0.118). Though the incidence of all-cause morbidity was similar, skin infections were significantly higher among LBW (3.10 vs 1.21 per 100 child months, = 0.04). The incidence of all-cause morbidity was high in LBW infants with poor weight gain.
Birth weight was associated with all-cause morbidity during the first three months. However, this association varied in age points and infants' weight gain.
比较低出生体重（LBW）和正常出生体重（NBW）婴儿在出生后头六个月的发病率及就医模式。
2019年10月至2021年7月，在本地治里八个城市初级卫生中心的服务区域开展了一项前瞻性队列研究。从选定初级卫生保健中心的出生登记册中获取低出生体重婴儿及性别匹配的正常出生体重婴儿的详细信息。在婴儿满1个月、3个月和6个月时，通过结构化访谈问卷在其家中收集数据。为进行比较，发病率采用Mid-p精确检验，连续变量采用t检验/曼-惠特尼检验，分类变量采用卡方检验/费舍尔精确检验。
招募了94对低出生体重婴儿和正常出生体重婴儿。低出生体重婴儿和正常出生体重婴儿在出生后头六个月的发病率分别为每100个婴儿月37.5次和33.3次（p值0.118）。尽管全因发病率相似，但低出生体重婴儿的皮肤感染明显更高（每100个婴儿月3.10次对1.21次，p = 0.04）。体重增加不佳的低出生体重婴儿全因发病率较高。
出生体重与出生后头三个月的全因发病率相关。然而，这种关联在不同年龄点和婴儿体重增加情况中有所不同。
