SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Environ Int. 2024 Mar;185:108540. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108540. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
The contamination characteristics, migration patterns and health risks of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were investigated in 66 Chinese paper products by using target and non-target screening methods. Among 57 target PFASs, 5 and 6 PFASs were found in the hygiene paper products (<LOQ-12.6 ng/g) and stationery paper products (<LOQ-8.8 ng/g), respectively. A total of 25 PFASs were detected in the 39 food contact paper products, with the highest concentration of 1630 ng/g. Suspect and non-target analysis have found 28 PFASs with confidence levels 1-3, 132 certain PFAS compounds (level 4) and 56 homologue groups (level 5), containing newly identified long-chain polyfluorocarboxylic acid (9:3/11:3FTCA, 11:3/13:3FTUCA) and X:2 FTOH-Sulfate. A potential transformation relationship between the detected PFAS was proposed, starting from X:2 FTOH and finally transforming to CFCOOH. Microwave heating can increase the release of PFAS in popcorn bags and convert long-chain PFAS into short-chain ones. The migration experiments indicated that the ethanol in food simulants can increase the migration of PFAS, and short-chain PFAS exhibits a greater migration trend. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for 6 of 18 paper bowls/plates exceeded the recommendation of 0.63 ng/kg bw/day by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), posing a potential threat to human health.
采用靶向和非靶向筛选方法，研究了 66 种中国纸制品中全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的污染特征、迁移模式和健康风险。在 57 种目标 PFAS 中，卫生纸制品（<LOQ-12.6ng/g）和文具纸制品（<LOQ-8.8ng/g）中分别发现了 5 种和 6 种 PFAS。在 39 种食品接触纸制品中检测到 25 种 PFAS，浓度最高为 1630ng/g。可疑和非靶向分析发现了 28 种置信度为 1-3 的 PFAS，132 种确定的 PFAS 化合物（4 级）和 56 种同系物组（5 级），其中包含新鉴定的长链全氟羧酸（9:3/11:3FTCA、11:3/13:3FTUCA）和 X:2 FTOH-硫酸盐。提出了从 X:2 FTOH 开始最终转化为 CFCOOH 的检测到的 PFAS 之间的潜在转化关系。微波加热会增加爆米花袋中 PFAS 的释放，并将长链 PFAS 转化为短链 PFAS。迁移实验表明，食品模拟物中的乙醇可以增加 PFAS 的迁移，短链 PFAS 表现出更大的迁移趋势。18 个纸碗/盘子中的 6 个的估计每日摄入量（EDI）值超过了欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）推荐的 0.63ng/kg bw/day，对人类健康构成潜在威胁。
