National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Mar 1;914:169581. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169581. Epub 2023 Dec 25.
The widespread existence, environmental persistence, and risks of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have attracted widespread attention. Herein, the distribution and risk assessment of PFASs were investigated from the Huai River Basin. The ranges in different media were 29.83-217.96 (average of 75.82 ± 35.64 ng/L) in water, 0.17-9.55 ng/g (2.56 ± 2.83 ng/g) in sediments, and 0.21-9.76 ng/g (3.43 ± 3.07 ng/g) in biota. Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) was the most prevalent PFAS in surface water, followed by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), accounted for 42.62 %, 22.23 % and 17.72 % of the total concentrations of the PFASs analyzed, respectively. PFBA was dominant in sediments, accounting for 60.37 % of the total concentrations of the PFASs analyzed. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the main pollutant in biota, and the highest concentration (5.09 ng/g) was found in Channa argus. Considering the measured concentrations in water, sediments and biota, the sediment-water partition coefficients (log Kd) and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) of PFASs were determined. The log Kd of the PFASs differed among those with a different carbon chain length, C-C PFASs were more likely to be adsorbed onto sediments as the carbon chain length increases, and PFUnDA and PFDA showed the higher BAF value in Channa argus. PFASs in the Huai River Basin posed an acceptable ecological risk, and long-chain PFAS contamination provided green algae with a higher potential ecological risk. Compared to drinking water, aquatic products constituted a higher PFASs threat to human health, especially for children. The highest HQ was found in PFOS, with an HQ of 0.97-4.32. Residents in the Huai River Basin should reduce their intake of Channa argus, Coilia nasus, and Carassius auratus, children aged 2 to 4 are limited to consuming no more than 6.9 g/d, 9.7 g/d, and 16.6 g/d, respectively.
全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFASs) 的广泛存在、环境持久性和风险引起了广泛关注。在此，从淮河流域调查了 PFASs 的分布和风险评估。在不同介质中的范围为：水中 29.83-217.96（平均值为 75.82±35.64ng/L），沉积物中 0.17-9.55ng/g（2.56±2.83ng/g），生物体内 0.21-9.76ng/g（3.43±3.07ng/g）。在地表水，全氟戊酸 (PFPeA) 是最常见的 PFAS，其次是全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 和全氟丁酸 (PFBA)，分别占所分析的 PFASs 总量的 42.62%、22.23%和 17.72%。PFBA 在沉积物中占主导地位，占所分析的 PFASs 总量的 60.37%。全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 是生物体内的主要污染物，浓度最高（5.09ng/g）在黄颡鱼中发现。考虑到水中、沉积物和生物体内的实测浓度，确定了 PFASs 的固-水分配系数（log Kd）和生物累积因子（BAF）。不同碳链长度的 PFASs 的 log Kd 不同，随着碳链长度的增加，C-C PFASs 更容易被吸附到沉积物上，而 PFUnDA 和 PFDA 在黄颡鱼中表现出更高的 BAF 值。淮河流域的 PFASs 构成了可接受的生态风险，长链 PFAS 污染为绿藻提供了更高的潜在生态风险。与饮用水相比，水产品对人体健康构成更高的 PFASs 威胁，尤其是对儿童。最高 HQ 出现在 PFOS 中，HQ 为 0.97-4.32。淮河流域的居民应减少食用黄颡鱼、鲥鱼和鲤鱼，2 至 4 岁的儿童每天摄入量限制不超过 6.9g、9.7g 和 16.6g。
