Reichenberger Veronika, Corona Ana Paula, Ramos Vinicius Delgado, Shakespeare Tom, Hameed Shaffa, Penn-Kekana Loveday, Kuper Hannah
International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Multidisciplinary Institute of Rehabilitation and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Disabil Rehabil. 2024 Dec;46(25):6011-6020. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2320268. Epub 2024 Mar 3.
This review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies aims to provide an overview of qualitative evidence on primary healthcare access of people with disability in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as to identify barriers that exist in this region.
Six databases were searched for studies from 2000 to 2022. 34 qualitative studies were identified.
Barriers exist on both demand and supply sides. The thematic synthesis process generated three broad overarching analytical themes, which authors have related to Levesque et al.'s aspects of "ability to perceive," "availability, accommodation and ability to reach" and "appropriateness and ability to engage." Access to information and health literacy are compromised due to a lack of tailored health education materials. Barriers in the urban environment, including inadequate transportation, and insufficient healthcare facility accessibility create challenges for people with disabilities to reach healthcare facilities independently. Attitudinal barriers contribute to suboptimal care experiences.
People with disabilities face several barriers in accessing healthcare. Lack of healthcare provider training, inappropriate urban infrastructure, lack of accessible transport and inaccessibility in healthcare centers are barriers that need to be addressed. With these actions, people with disabilities will be closer to having their rights met.
本定性研究的综述与元综合分析旨在概述拉丁美洲和加勒比地区残疾人获得初级医疗保健的定性证据，并确定该地区存在的障碍。
检索了六个数据库中2000年至2022年的研究。共识别出34项定性研究。
供需双方均存在障碍。主题综合过程产生了三个广泛的总体分析主题，作者将其与Levesque等人提出的“感知能力”、“可及性、便利性和到达能力”以及“适宜性和参与能力”等方面相关联。由于缺乏量身定制的健康教育材料，信息获取和健康素养受到影响。城市环境中的障碍，包括交通不便和医疗设施可达性不足，给残疾人独立前往医疗设施带来了挑战。态度障碍导致护理体验不佳。
残疾人在获得医疗保健方面面临若干障碍。缺乏医疗服务提供者培训、城市基础设施不当、交通不便以及医疗中心难以进入等都是需要解决的障碍。通过这些行动，残疾人将更接近其权利得到实现。
