College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
Food Funct. 2024 Mar 18;15(6):2860-2878. doi: 10.1039/d3fo04345b.
Sex hormones play a pivotal role in the growth and development of the skeletal, neurological, and reproductive systems. In women, the dysregulation of sex hormones can result in various health complications such as acne, hirsutism, and irregular menstruation. One of the most prevalent diseases associated with excess androgens is polycystic ovary syndrome with a hyperandrogenic phenotype. Probiotics have shown the potential to enhance the secretion of ovarian sex hormones. However, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews detailing how probiotics modulate ovarian sex hormones are scarce. This review seeks to shed light on the potential mechanisms through which probiotics influence the production of ovarian sex hormones. The role of probiotics across various biological axes, including the gut-ovarian, gut-brain-ovarian, gut-liver-ovarian, gut-pancreas-ovarian, and gut-fat-ovarian axes, with a focus on the direct impact of probiotics on the ovaries the gut and their effects on brain gonadotropins is discussed. It is also proposed herein that probiotics can significantly influence the onset, progression, and complications of ovarian sex hormone abnormalities. In addition, this review provides a theoretical basis for the therapeutic application of probiotics in managing sex hormone-related health conditions.
性激素在骨骼、神经和生殖系统的生长和发育中起着关键作用。在女性中，性激素的失调会导致各种健康并发症，如痤疮、多毛症和月经不规律。与雄激素过多相关的最常见疾病之一是多囊卵巢综合征，其具有高雄激素表型。益生菌已显示出增强卵巢性激素分泌的潜力。然而，其作用机制尚不清楚。此外，详细描述益生菌如何调节卵巢性激素的综合评论很少。本综述旨在阐明益生菌影响卵巢性激素产生的潜在机制。益生菌在各种生物学轴上的作用，包括肠-卵巢、肠-脑-卵巢、肠-肝-卵巢、肠-胰腺-卵巢和肠-脂肪-卵巢轴，重点讨论益生菌对卵巢、肠道的直接影响及其对脑促性腺激素的影响。本文还提出，益生菌可以显著影响卵巢性激素异常的发生、发展和并发症。此外，本综述为益生菌在治疗与性激素相关的健康状况中的治疗应用提供了理论依据。
