Tey Shu-Farn, Tsai Ya-Wen, Wu Jheng-Yan, Liu Ting-Hui, Chuang Min-Hsiang, Hsu Wan-Hsuan, Huang Po-Yu, Lai Chih-Cheng, Hsu Chi-Kuei
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 16;12:1337646. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1337646. eCollection 2024.
The outcomes of older adult people acquiring SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was unclear. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of older adult patients with COVID-19 reinfection and those with primary infection.
This retrospective cohort study used electronic medical records from the TriNetX Research Network. Older adult patients (aged ≥65 years) with COVID-19 between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, were included in the study. The patients were subsequently categorized into reinfection or primary infection groups, according to whether they manifested two distinct COVID-19 episodes with an intervening period of more than 90 days. Propensity score matching was performed for covariate adjustment between the reinfection and primary infection groups. The primary outcome was a composite outcome, including emergency department visits, hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation use, and mortality, following primary infection and reinfection.
After matching, 31,899 patients were identified in both the reinfection and primary infection groups. The risk of primary composite outcomes was 7.15% ( = 2,281) in the reinfection group and 7.53% ( = 2,403) in the primary infection group. No significant difference in the primary outcome was observed between groups (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.02, = 0.17). In addition, there was no significant differences between the reinfection and primary infection groups in terms of emergency department visit (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.11, = 0.49), all-cause hospitalization (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.02, = 0.14), intensive care unit admission (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.67 to 1.28, = 0.62), mechanical ventilation use (HR,1.35 95% CI, 0.69 to 2.64 = 0.38), and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.20, = 0.62).
There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between older adult patients with COVID-19 reinfection and those with primary infection.
老年人群感染新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）后再次感染的结果尚不清楚。本研究旨在比较新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）再次感染的老年患者与初次感染患者的结局。
本回顾性队列研究使用了TriNetX研究网络的电子病历。纳入2022年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间患有COVID-19的老年患者（年龄≥65岁）。随后，根据患者是否出现两次间隔超过90天的不同COVID-19发作，将其分为再次感染组或初次感染组。对再次感染组和初次感染组之间的协变量进行倾向得分匹配。主要结局是一个综合结局，包括初次感染和再次感染后的急诊科就诊、住院、重症监护病房入住、机械通气使用和死亡率。
匹配后，在再次感染组和初次感染组中均识别出31,899例患者。再次感染组的主要综合结局风险为7.15%（n = 2,281），初次感染组为7.53%（n = 2,403）。两组之间在主要结局上未观察到显著差异（风险比[HR]，0.96；95%置信区间[CI]，0.91至1.02，P = 0.17）。此外，再次感染组和初次感染组在急诊科就诊（HR，1.03；95% CI，0.95至1.11，P = 0.49）、全因住院（HR，0.94；95% CI，0.86至1.02，P = 0.14）、重症监护病房入住（HR，0.92；95% CI，0.67至1.28，P = 0.62）、机械通气使用（HR，1.35；95% CI，0.69至2.64，P = 0.38）和全因死亡率（HR，0.94；95% CI，0.74至1.20，P = 0.62）方面均无显著差异。
COVID-19再次感染的老年患者与初次感染的老年患者在临床结局上无显著差异。
