Abedi Parvin, Afshari Poorandokht, Ansari Somayeh, Alavi Seyed Mohammad, Dashtpayma Shohreh, Amiri Homayon
Department of Midwifery, Menopause Andropause Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran.
Department of Midwifery, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 21;6(7):e1420. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1420. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Reinfection with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus may be as serious as the first infection, exposing people to risks such as admission to hospital or even death. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of and the factors related to reinfection in Ahvaz, Iran.
This was a comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted on 200 reinfected individuals and 200 people who had once been infected with COVID-19. Infection with COVID-19 was confirmed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, and those with reinfection had to have a negative PCR test after recovery from the first infection and a positive PCR test for COVID-19 > 90 days after the first infection. Data was collected using a questionnaire and a checklist. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent -test, and logistic regression test.
Around 7000 reinfections were observed in this study, and the prevalence of reinfection was 0.59% in Ahvaz City. A large proportion of the participants in the control group, 133 (66.5%) received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines compared with 110 (55%) in the reinfected group ( = 0.003), and 43 (21.5%) of reinfected participants did not receive any vaccine. Older people were 0.982 times more likely to get reinfected with COVID-19 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.966-0.997). Also, those receiving vaccination once or twice were 2.311 and 2.498 times less likely to get reinfected with COVID-19, respectively (95% CI: 1.093-4.887 and 1.281-4.872, respectively).
The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of reinfection among people in Ahvaz City was 0.59%. Older individuals, those without vaccination or with suboptimal vaccination, and people with comorbidities were at a higher risk for reinfection. Health policymakers should pay more attention to factors related to reinfection with COVID-19.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）病毒再感染可能与首次感染一样严重，会使人们面临住院甚至死亡等风险。本研究旨在评估伊朗阿瓦士地区再感染的患病率及其相关因素。
这是一项比较性横断面研究，对200名再感染个体和200名曾感染过COVID-19的人进行了研究。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测确诊COVID-19感染，再感染患者必须在首次感染康复后PCR检测呈阴性，且在首次感染90天后COVID-19的PCR检测呈阳性。通过问卷和清单收集数据。使用卡方检验、独立样本t检验和逻辑回归检验对数据进行分析。
本研究观察到约7000例再感染病例，阿瓦士市再感染患病率为0.59%。对照组中很大一部分参与者，133人（66.5%）接种了两剂COVID-19疫苗，而再感染组为110人（55%）（P = 0.003），43名（21.5%）再感染参与者未接种任何疫苗。老年人再次感染COVID-19的可能性是年轻人的0.982倍（95%置信区间[CI]：0.966 - 0.997）。此外，接种过一次或两次疫苗的人再次感染COVID-19的可能性分别降低2.311倍和2.498倍（95% CI：分别为1.093 - 4.887和1.281 - 4.872）。
本研究结果表明，阿瓦士市人群中再感染患病率为0.59%。老年人、未接种疫苗或接种疫苗不充分的人以及患有合并症的人再感染风险更高。卫生政策制定者应更多关注与COVID-19再感染相关的因素。
