Habeeb Naser Israa, Thoulfikar A Alamir Hassan, Al-Shukarji Ali Hisham, Ahmed Batool Ali, Qassem Talal Aziz, Kamal Maher, Almeleebia Tahani M, Alwaily Enas R, Hasan Kadhum Eftikhaar, Alawadi Ahmed, Alsalamy Ali
Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
Front Chem. 2024 Feb 16;12:1342784. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1342784. eCollection 2024.
In this study, choline chloride/urea was used as a green deep eutectic solvent in the three-component reaction of hydrazine/phenylhydrazine, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes for synthesizing pyrazole derivatives, and in the four-component reaction of methyl/ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine/phenylhydrazine, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes for synthesizing pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. Elemental analysis, H, and C NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the structure of the synthesized pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives. The antimicrobial effects of the synthesized pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives were investigated. In antimicrobial tests, instructions from clinical and laboratory standards institutes were used. Antimicrobial study was done on pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative species, and specialized aquatic strains and fungal species. Using choline chloride/urea, novel pyrazole derivatives and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives were synthesized, and other derivatives were synthesized with higher efficiency in less time than some previously reported methods. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) obtained for derivatives were higher than some antibiotic drugs. Synthesis and reports of new derivatives of pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, and investigation and reports of their antimicrobial properties on gram-positive, gram-negative, and specialized aquatic and fungal species are among the novel and important findings of this study.
在本研究中，氯化胆碱/尿素被用作绿色深共熔溶剂，用于肼/苯肼、丙二腈和芳香醛的三组分反应以合成吡唑衍生物，以及用于乙酰乙酸甲酯/乙酯、肼/苯肼、丙二腈和芳香醛的四组分反应以合成吡喃并[2,3 - c]吡唑衍生物。采用元素分析、氢谱和碳谱来确认所合成的吡唑和吡喃并[2,3 - c]吡唑衍生物的结构。对所合成的吡唑和吡喃并[2,3 - c]吡唑衍生物的抗菌效果进行了研究。在抗菌测试中，采用了临床和实验室标准协会的指导方针。对致病性革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性菌种、特殊水生菌株及真菌菌种进行了抗菌研究。使用氯化胆碱/尿素合成了新型吡唑衍生物和吡喃并[2,3 - c]吡唑衍生物，并且与一些先前报道的方法相比，在更短的时间内以更高的效率合成了其他衍生物。所获得的衍生物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）高于一些抗生素药物。吡唑和吡喃并[2,3 - c]吡唑新衍生物的合成与报道，以及它们对革兰氏阳性、革兰氏阴性、特殊水生和真菌菌种的抗菌性能的研究与报道是本研究的新颖且重要的发现。
