Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Technology, Electrical Engineering, Sharif University, Tehran, Iran.
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2024 Mar;30(3):e14656. doi: 10.1111/cns.14656.
In this study, the anticonvulsant action of closed-loop, low-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) was investigated. In addition, the changes in brain rhythms and functional connectivity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were evaluated.
Epilepsy was induced by pilocarpine in male Wistar rats. After the chronic phase, a tripolar electrode was implanted in the right ventral hippocampus and a monopolar electrode in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Subjects' spontaneous seizure behaviors were observed in continuous video recording, while the local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded simultaneously. In addition, spatial memory was evaluated by the Barnes maze test.
Applying hippocampal DBS, immediately after seizure detection in epileptic animals, reduced their seizure severity and duration, and improved their performance in Barnes maze test. DBS reduced the increment in power of delta, theta, and gamma waves in pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal periods. Meanwhile, DBS increased the post-ictal-to-pre-ictal ratio of theta band. DBS decreased delta and increased theta coherences, and also increased the post-ictal-to-pre-ictal ratio of coherence. In addition, DBS increased the hippocampal-mPFC coupling in pre-ictal period and decreased the coupling in the ictal and post-ictal periods.
Applying closed-loop, low-frequency DBS at seizure onset reduced seizure severity and improved memory. In addition, the changes in power, coherence, and coupling of the LFP oscillations in the hippocampus and mPFC demonstrate low-frequency DBS efficacy as an antiepileptic treatment, returning LFPs to a seemingly non-seizure state in subjects that received DBS.
本研究旨在探讨闭环、低频深部脑刺激（DBS）的抗惊厥作用。此外，还评估了海马体和前额叶皮质的脑节律和功能连接的变化。
采用匹鲁卡品诱导雄性 Wistar 大鼠癫痫发作。慢性期后，将三极电极植入右侧腹侧海马体，单极电极植入内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）。在连续视频记录中观察动物的自发性癫痫发作行为，同时记录局部场电位（LFPs）。此外，通过巴恩斯迷宫测试评估空间记忆。
在癫痫动物中，当检测到癫痫发作时，应用海马体 DBS 可降低其癫痫发作的严重程度和持续时间，并改善其在巴恩斯迷宫测试中的表现。DBS 降低了前发作期、发作期和后发作期 delta、theta 和 gamma 波的功率增加。同时，DBS 增加了后发作期到前发作期的 theta 波段的比值。DBS 降低了 delta 并增加了 theta 相干性，同时增加了后发作期到前发作期的相干性比值。此外，DBS 增加了前发作期的海马体-mPFC 耦合，并降低了发作期和后发作期的耦合。
在癫痫发作时应用闭环、低频 DBS 可降低癫痫发作的严重程度并改善记忆。此外，海马体和 mPFC 的 LFPs 振荡的功率、相干性和耦合的变化表明低频 DBS 作为一种抗癫痫治疗的有效性，使接受 DBS 的动物的 LFPs 恢复到似乎非发作状态。
