Coletta Virginia R, Pagano Alessandro, Pluchinotta Irene, Zimmermann Nici, Davies Michael, Butler Adrian, Fratino Umberto, Giordano Raffaele
Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Construction and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari Bari Italy.
Water Research Institute-National Research Council Bari Italy.
Earths Future. 2024 Jan;12(1):e2023EF003659. doi: 10.1029/2023EF003659. Epub 2024 Jan 29.
Several modeling tools commonly used for supporting flood risk assessment and management are highly effective in representing physical phenomena, but provide a rather limited understanding of the multiple implications that flood risk and flood risk reduction measures have on highly complex systems such as urban areas. In fact, most of the available modeling tools do not fully account for this complexity-and related uncertainty-which heavily affects the interconnections between urban systems evolution and flood risk, ultimately resulting in an ineffective flood risk management. The present research proposes an innovative methodological framework to support decision-makers involved in an urban regeneration process at a planning/strategic level, accounting for the multi-dimensional implications of flood risk and of different flood risk management strategies. The adopted approach is based on the use of System Thinking principles and participatory System Dynamics modeling techniques, and pursues an integration between scientific and stakeholder knowledge. Reference is made to one of the case studies of the CUSSH and CAMELLIA projects, namely Thamesmead (London), a formerly inhospitable marshland currently undergoing a process of urban regeneration, and perceived as being increasingly vulnerable to flooding. It represents an interesting opportunity for building a replicable modeling approach to integrate urban development dynamics with flood risk, ultimately supporting policy and decision-makers in identifying mitigation/prevention measures and understanding how they could help achieve multi-dimensional benefits (e.g., environmental, social and economic).
几种常用于支持洪水风险评估和管理的建模工具在描述物理现象方面非常有效,但对于洪水风险和防洪措施对城市地区等高度复杂系统的多重影响的理解相当有限。事实上,大多数现有的建模工具并未充分考虑这种复杂性以及相关的不确定性,而这严重影响了城市系统演变与洪水风险之间的相互联系,最终导致洪水风险管理无效。本研究提出了一个创新的方法框架,以支持参与规划/战略层面城市更新过程的决策者,考虑洪水风险和不同洪水风险管理策略的多维度影响。所采用的方法基于系统思维原则和参与式系统动力学建模技术的运用,并寻求科学知识与利益相关者知识的整合。文中参考了CUSSH和CAMELLIA项目的一个案例研究,即泰晤士米德(伦敦),它曾是一片不宜居住的沼泽地,目前正经历城市更新过程,且被认为越来越容易遭受洪水侵袭。这为构建一种可复制的建模方法提供了一个有趣的机会,该方法可将城市发展动态与洪水风险相结合,最终支持政策制定者和决策者确定缓解/预防措施,并理解这些措施如何有助于实现多维度效益(如环境、社会和经济效益)。