Inflammation and tumor microenvironment.

There is a connection between inflammation and cancer. Inflammation is one of the hallmarks of cancer, affecting tumor progression, transition to a malignant phenotype, and the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy. The tumor microenvironment impacts the biological characteristics of tumors through various specific factors and signaling mechanisms. The interaction between inflammation and the tumor microenvironment involves inflammation affecting the tumor microenvironment by inducing immune suppression, while acute inflammation promotes tumor suppression by producing anti-tumor immune responses. This review elaborates on how inflammation affects the tumor microenvironment and thus affects the progression and treatment of tumors, starting from the components of the tumor microenvironment, inflammasomes, cytokines, non-coding RNAs, and other aspects. Inflammatory factors play an important role in regulating inflammatory responses and immune reactions, and they also affect the development of tumors through various pathways in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, non-coding RNAs play an important role in the tumor microenvironment, regulating tumors and inflammation. They are involved in regulating the occurrence, development of tumors, the process of inflammation, as well as regulating inflammation-induced cancer or tumor-related inflammation, and the interaction between the tumor microenvironment, inflammatory factors, and immune cells. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the interaction between inflammation and the tumor microenvironment and its connection to the occurrence and development of cancer can provide a theoretical basis for combating tumors and finding new therapeutic strategies.