Fahriani Marhami, Ilmawan Muhammad, Fajar Jonny K, Maliga Helnida A, Frediansyah Andri, Masyeni Sri, Yusuf Hanifah, Nainu Firzan, Rosiello Francesco, Sirinam Salin, Keam Synat, Ophinni Youdiil
Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Narra J. 2021 Aug;1(2):e36. doi: 10.52225/narraj.v1i2.36. Epub 2021 Aug 1.
The study sought to determine the prevalence of persistent long COVID symptoms such as anxiety, depression, dizziness, chest pain, sleep difficulty, palpitations, weight loss, and hair loss among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors worldwide and to discuss the potential pathogeneses. Potential studies were searched in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) as of January 30, 2021. Data on study characteristics, patient characteristics during the follow-up, the number of patients with persistent long COVID symptoms and total COVID-19 survivors were collected according to PRISMA guidelines. To assess the quality of studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used. The estimated prevalence of each long COVID symptom and the association between COVID-19 severity and the occurrence of prolonged symptoms was assessed, if appropriate. The global prevalence of prolonged anxiety was 15.76% (95%CI: 6.36%, 25.15%). Chest pain persisted in 10.36% (239/3,224) of COVID-19 patients (95%CI: 4.92%, 15.80%). Prolonged depression was found in 24 of 548 COVID-19 survivors with an estimated prevalence of 4.32% (95%CI: 2.62%, 6.03%) and dizziness was presented in 4.83% (118/2,219, 95%CI: 1.50%, 8.16%) after recovery. Hair loss was complained by 527 of 2,251 recovered patients (cumulative prevalence of 24.76%, 95%CI: 19.60%, 29.91%), while weight loss was identified in 37 cases among 452 COVID-19 survivors (8.19%, 95%CI: 5.66%, 10.71%). Prolonged palpitation was experienced by 19.38% (211/1,926) survivors with 95%CI: 2.40%, 41.16%. Sleep difficulty was found in 541 of 2,622 COVID-19 survivors (17.87%, 95%CI: 7.55%, 28.20%). The association between COVID-19 severity and the occurrence of persistent long COVID symptoms was not analyzed due to the lack of data. In conclusion, persistent psychological symptoms are frequently reported among COVID-19 survivors. Follow-up studies with a longer duration and larger population are warranted to assess the extent of prolonged symptoms and the quality of life of COVID-19 survivors. Despite various potential pathogeneses that have been hypothesized, a definitive mechanism is yet to be addressed. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021247172.
该研究旨在确定全球2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）幸存者中焦虑、抑郁、头晕、胸痛、睡眠困难、心悸、体重减轻和脱发等持续性长期新冠症状的患病率，并探讨其潜在发病机制。截至2021年1月30日，在三个数据库（PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science）中检索了相关潜在研究。根据PRISMA指南，收集了研究特征、随访期间患者特征、出现持续性长期新冠症状的患者数量以及COVID-19幸存者总数的数据。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量。在适当情况下，评估了每种长期新冠症状的估计患病率以及COVID-19严重程度与长期症状发生之间的关联。长期焦虑的全球患病率为15.76%（95%CI：6.36%，25.15%）。10.36%（239/3224）的COVID-19患者存在持续性胸痛（95%CI：4.92%，15.80%）。在548名COVID-19幸存者中有24人存在持续性抑郁，估计患病率为4.32%（95%CI：2.62%，6.03%），康复后头晕的患病率为4.83%（118/2219，95%CI：1.50%，8.16%）。2251名康复患者中有527人主诉脱发（累积患病率为24.76%，95%CI：19.60%，29.91%），而在452名COVID-19幸存者中有37人出现体重减轻（8.19%，95%CI：5.66%，10.71%）。19.38%（211/1926）的幸存者经历过持续性心悸，95%CI：2.40%，41.16%。2622名COVID-19幸存者中有541人存在睡眠困难（17.87%，95%CI：7.55%，28.20%）。由于缺乏数据，未分析COVID-19严重程度与持续性长期新冠症状发生之间的关联。总之，COVID-19幸存者中经常报告有持续性心理症状。有必要开展持续时间更长、样本量更大的随访研究，以评估长期症状的程度以及COVID-19幸存者的生活质量。尽管已经提出了各种潜在的发病机制，但尚未确定确切的机制。PROSPERO注册号：CRD42021247172。
