O'Mahoney Lauren L, Routen Ash, Gillies Clare, Jenkins Sian A, Almaqhawi Abdullah, Ayoubkhani Daniel, Banerjee Amitava, Brightling Chris, Calvert Melanie, Cassambai Shabana, Ekezie Winifred, Funnell Mark P, Welford Anneka, Peace Arron, Evans Rachael A, Jeffers Shavez, Kingsnorth Andrew P, Pareek Manish, Seidu Samuel, Wilkinson Thomas J, Willis Andrew, Shafran Roz, Stephenson Terence, Sterne Jonathan, Ward Helen, Ward Tom, Khunti Kamlesh
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Nat Commun. 2025 May 7;16(1):4249. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59012-w.
The global evidence on the risk of symptoms of Long Covid in general populations infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared to uninfected comparator/control populations remains unknown. We conducted a systematic literature search using multiple electronic databases from January 1, 2022, to August 1, 2024. Included studies had ≥100 people with confirmed or self-reported COVID-19 at ≥28 days following infection onset, and an uninfected comparator/control group. Results were summarised descriptively and meta-analyses were conducted to derive pooled risk ratio estimates. 50 studies totaling 14,661,595 people were included. In all populations combined, there was an increased risk of a wide range of 39 out of 40 symptoms in those infected with SARS‑CoV‑2 compared to uninfected controls. The symptoms with the highest pooled relative risks were loss of smell (RR 4.31; 95% CI 2.66, 6.99), loss of taste (RR 3.71; 95% CI 2.22, 7.26), poor concentration (RR 2.68; 95% CI 1.66, 4.33), impaired memory (RR 2.53; 95% CI 1.82, 3.52), and hair loss/alopecia (RR 2.38; 95% CI 1.69, 3.33). This evidence synthesis, of 50 controlled studies with a cumulative participant count exceeding 14 million people, highlights a significant risk of diverse long-term symptoms in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, especially among those who were hospitalised.
与未感染的对照人群相比，感染了SARS-CoV-2的普通人群出现长期新冠症状风险的全球证据仍然未知。我们于2022年1月1日至2024年8月1日期间使用多个电子数据库进行了系统的文献检索。纳入的研究要求在感染发病后≥28天有≥100名确诊或自我报告的新冠肺炎患者，以及一个未感染的对照/对照组。对结果进行了描述性总结，并进行了荟萃分析以得出合并风险比估计值。共纳入50项研究，总计14,661,595人。在所有合并的人群中，与未感染的对照组相比，感染SARS-CoV-2的人群出现40种症状中的39种的风险增加。合并相对风险最高的症状是嗅觉丧失（RR 4.31；95% CI 2.66，6.99）、味觉丧失（RR 3.71；95% CI 2.22，7.26）、注意力不集中（RR 2.68；95% CI 1.66，4.33）、记忆力受损（RR 2.53；95% CI 1.82，3.52）和脱发/斑秃（RR 2.38；95% CI 1.69，3.33）。这项对50项对照研究（累计参与人数超过1400万）的证据综合分析突出了感染SARS-CoV-2的个体出现多种长期症状的重大风险，尤其是在那些住院的患者中。
