Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa street n°1, Campus do Guamá, 66075-900, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Orofac Orthop. 2024 Aug;85(Suppl 2):223-232. doi: 10.1007/s00056-024-00519-0. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
This study aimed to verify whether there is a difference in biomarker levels in the gingival crevicular fluid between premenopausal and postmenopausal women undergoing orthodontic treatment.
As eligibility criteria, prospective or retrospective observational studies evaluating women undergoing orthodontic treatment (P), comparing postmenopausal (E) and premenopausal (C) women, and analyzing differences in gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers (O) were included. An electronic search was conducted in seven databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and EBSCO: Dentistry & Oral Science) and one grey literature source (Google Scholar). All databases were searched from September 2022 to March 2023. After duplicate exclusion and data extraction, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was applied to assess the quality and risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to verify the certainty of evidence.
Three case-control studies that analyzed receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‑B ligand (RANKL), osteopontin (OPN), and interleukin (IL)-17A levels were included. One study reported a significant difference for RANKL and another for OPN levels. A third study reported that there was a higher expression of IL17‑A in the postmenopausal group. However, the small number of articles limits our systematic review. The heterogeneity and imprecision in the study results cast doubt on the findings' internal validity.
The studies reported alterations in biomarker levels but differed in their conclusions. Therefore, further studies must include other types of bone and inflammatory biomarkers in female patients who are pre- or postmenopausal and undergoing orthodontic treatment.
The review was registered at the Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Q9YZ8 ).
本研究旨在验证接受正畸治疗的绝经前和绝经后女性的龈沟液生物标志物水平是否存在差异。
作为入选标准，纳入了评估接受正畸治疗的女性（P）、比较绝经后（E）和绝经前（C）女性并分析龈沟液生物标志物（O）差异的前瞻性或回顾性观察性研究。于 2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 3 月在 7 个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、LILACS、The Cochrane Library、Embase 和 EBSCO：牙科和口腔科学）和一个灰色文献来源（Google Scholar）中进行了电子检索。对所有数据库进行检索。在重复排除和数据提取后，应用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估质量和偏倚风险，并使用推荐评估、制定与评价（GRADE）工具来验证证据的确定性。
纳入了 3 项病例对照研究，分析了核因子 κB 受体激活剂配体（RANKL）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）和白细胞介素（IL）-17A 水平。一项研究报告 RANKL 和 OPN 水平存在显著差异，另一项研究报告 OPN 水平存在差异。第三项研究报告绝经后组中 IL17A 的表达更高。然而，文章数量较少限制了我们的系统评价。研究结果的异质性和不精确性使研究结果的内部有效性受到质疑。
这些研究报告了生物标志物水平的改变，但结论不同。因此，进一步的研究必须包括接受正畸治疗的绝经前和绝经后女性的其他类型的骨和炎症生物标志物。
