Diet, Cancer and Health, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Nutr. 2024 Aug;63(5):1581-1591. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03357-3. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
Growing elderly populations worldwide have sparked interest in factors promoting healthy aging. Diet and other lifestyle patterns are key factors for healthy ageing; however, evidence is sparse for specific dietary guidelines that are easily implemented in everyday life. Whole grains constitute specific dietary components with unexplored potential in healthy ageing.
We applied an illness-death multistate model to assess the association between whole-grain intake and life expectancy, both with and without disease, over a 20-year period. Healthy ageing was defined as absence of cancer, ischemic heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and dementia during follow-up.
Based on information from 22,606 men and 25,468 women in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, followed for an average of 13.8 and 17.5 years, respectively, a doubling in whole-grain intake was associated with 0.43 (95% CI: 0.33-0.52) and 0.15 (0.06-0.24) additional years without disease for men and women, respectively. Comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of whole-grain intake, with a special emphasis on men, we found that those with the highest intake lived, on average, one year longer without disease compared to those with the lowest intake. Additionally, although a high intake of whole grains yielded longer life expectancy, the duration of living with disease was shorter.
Intake of whole grains in mid-life was associated with healthy ageing looking 20 years ahead.
全球老年人口的增长激发了人们对促进健康老龄化因素的兴趣。饮食和其他生活方式是健康老龄化的关键因素；然而，对于易于在日常生活中实施的具体饮食指南，证据仍然有限。全谷物是具有探索潜力的特定饮食成分，可以促进健康老龄化。
我们应用疾病-死亡多状态模型来评估 20 年内全谷物摄入量与无病预期寿命和总预期寿命之间的关联。健康老龄化定义为在随访期间无癌症、缺血性心脏病、中风、2 型糖尿病、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和痴呆。
基于丹麦饮食、癌症和健康队列中 22606 名男性和 25468 名女性的信息，平均随访时间分别为 13.8 年和 17.5 年，全谷物摄入量增加一倍与男性和女性无病分别增加 0.43 岁（95%CI：0.33-0.52）和 0.15 岁（0.06-0.24）相关。比较全谷物摄入量最高和最低四分位数，特别是男性，我们发现摄入最高的人平均无病寿命比摄入最低的人长一年。此外，尽管大量摄入全谷物可以延长预期寿命，但患病的持续时间更短。
中年时期摄入全谷物与 20 年后的健康老龄化有关。
