Kyrø C, Kristensen M, Jakobsen M U, Halkjær J, Landberg R, Bueno-de-Mesquita Hb As, Christensen J, Romieu I, Tjønneland A, Olsen A
Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2017 Aug;71(8):944-952. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.233. Epub 2017 Feb 8.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Whole grain intake has been associated with a small but significant lower body weight gain in observational studies, but there is limited knowledge about the associations with specific whole grain types. The objective was to investigate the association between whole grains, different sources of whole grains and biomarkers of whole grain intake (alkylresorcinols) in relation to subsequent changes in waist circumference (WC) and body weight.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cohort study of 57 053 participants with baseline information on whole grain intake from questionnaires (FFQ) and biomarkers of whole grain rye and wheat intake, plasma alkylresorcinols, for a subset. WC and body weight were measured at baseline and again at follow-up. The associations were estimated using multiple linear regression analyses and logistic regression.
For women, overall whole grain intake was not related to changes in WC or body weight. For men, total whole grain intake was associated with gains in WC (ΔWC per 25 g increment: 0.44 cm, 95% CI: 0.34 cm; 0.54 cm) and body weight (Δweight per 25 g increment: 150 g, 95% CI: 78 g; 222 g), but the results changed to null or changed direction when adjusting for baseline anthropometry. For the different sources of whole grains, rye (women) and crispbread was significantly associated with gains in WC and body weight. Plasma alkylresorcinol concentration was associated with reduced WC, but not body weight, for women (ΔWC per 50 nmol/l increment: -0.69 cm, 95% CI:-1.26 cm;-0.13 cm), but no association was found for men.
Overall, no strong relationship between whole grain intake, measured from questionnaires or using biomarkers was found in relation to changes in body weight and WC.
背景/目的：在观察性研究中，全谷物摄入与少量但显著的较低体重增加有关，但关于与特定全谷物类型的关联的知识有限。目的是研究全谷物、不同全谷物来源与全谷物摄入生物标志物（烷基间苯二酚）之间的关联，以及其与随后腰围（WC）和体重变化的关系。
对象/方法：对57053名参与者进行队列研究，通过问卷调查（FFQ）获取全谷物摄入的基线信息，并对其中一部分参与者测量全谷物黑麦和小麦摄入的生物标志物——血浆烷基间苯二酚。在基线和随访时测量WC和体重。使用多元线性回归分析和逻辑回归估计关联。
对于女性，总体全谷物摄入与WC或体重变化无关。对于男性，总全谷物摄入与WC增加（每增加25克ΔWC：0.44厘米，95%CI：0.34厘米；0.54厘米）和体重增加（每增加25克Δ体重：150克，95%CI：78克；222克）有关，但在调整基线人体测量学指标后，结果变为无关联或方向改变。对于不同的全谷物来源，黑麦（女性）和脆饼干与WC和体重增加显著相关。血浆烷基间苯二酚浓度与女性WC降低有关，但与体重无关（每增加50nmol/lΔWC：-0.69厘米，95%CI：-1.26厘米；-0.13厘米），但在男性中未发现关联。
总体而言，无论是通过问卷调查还是使用生物标志物测量的全谷物摄入，与体重和WC变化之间均未发现强关联。
