Acad Med. 2024 Dec 1;99(12):1396-1404. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000005681. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
To understand time allocation of a national medical faculty cohort 1.5-2 years after the COVID-19 pandemic began compared with before.
From August 2021-April 2022, the authors conducted a retrospective survey of 1,430 clinician-researchers who received National Institutes of Health career-development awards between 2006-2009 asking about domestic and professional time allocation prepandemic and at the time of surveys (TOS). Of 915 respondents (64%), the 830 who remained in academic positions constituted the analytic sample. Multivariable regression models identified demographic factors associated with each time outcome and change in time between prepandemic and TOS, and having experienced a ≥8-hour increase of total self-reported weekly professional work hours and domestic labor hours.
Median self-reported weekly professional work hours were 55 hours/week prepandemic and 60 at TOS. On multivariable analysis, significant predictors of self-reported weekly professional work hours at TOS were having a non-child other dependent (+2.6 hours, P = .03), academic rank (associate -3.1 hours, assistant -9.0 hours; P < .001), and specialty ( P < .001). Average self-reported TOS weekly domestic-labor hours were 23.1 among men and 30.2 among women ( P < .001). Predictors of total self-reported TOS weekly domestic hours were being a woman (+5.6 hours; P < .001) and having children requiring supervision (+10.2 hours; P < .001). Overall, 9.3% of men (42/450) and 21.6% of women (88/407) experienced a ≥8-hour increase in domestic labor ( P < .001). On multivariable analysis, women had higher odds of substantial domestic-labor increase (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.47, 3.68), as did those with children requiring supervision (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.25, 2.98) or other dependents (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.98).
This study illuminates demands on women and faculty with dependents during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggests increased flexibility and resources are of heightened importance.
了解 COVID-19 大流行开始后 1.5-2 年与流行前相比，全国医学教师群体的时间分配情况。
从 2021 年 8 月至 2022 年 4 月，作者对 915 名接受过美国国立卫生研究院职业发展奖的临床研究人员进行了回顾性调查，这些人员在 2006-2009 年期间接受了调查，询问他们在大流行前和调查时（TOS）的国内和专业时间分配情况。在 915 名应答者（64%）中，830 名留在学术岗位的人构成了分析样本。多变量回归模型确定了与每个时间结果相关的人口统计学因素，以及与大流行前和 TOS 之间时间变化相关的因素，以及经历了总自我报告的每周专业工作时间和国内劳动时间增加了≥8 小时。
大流行前每周自我报告的专业工作时间中位数为 55 小时/周，TOS 为 60 小时/周。在多变量分析中，TOS 每周自我报告的专业工作时间的显著预测因素是有非儿童其他依赖者（+2.6 小时，P=0.03）、学术等级（副教授-3.1 小时，助理教授-9.0 小时；P<0.001）和专业（P<0.001）。男性每周自我报告的 TOS 平均国内劳动时间为 23.1 小时，女性为 30.2 小时（P<0.001）。总自我报告的 TOS 每周国内时间的预测因素是女性（+5.6 小时；P<0.001）和需要监督的儿童（+10.2 小时；P<0.001）。总体而言，9.3%的男性（42/450）和 21.6%的女性（88/407）经历了国内劳动时间增加≥8 小时（P<0.001）。在多变量分析中，女性经历大量国内劳动增加的可能性更高（OR=2.33，95%CI：1.47，3.68），需要监督的儿童（OR=1.93，95%CI：1.25，2.98）或其他依赖者（OR=1.83，95%CI：1.13，2.98）也是如此。
本研究阐明了 COVID-19 大流行期间女性和有家属的教师的需求，并表明增加灵活性和资源至关重要。
