《COVID-19 大流行期间，医师母亲在工作与家庭挑战方面的交叉问题：混合方法分析》。
The Intersection of Work and Home Challenges Faced by Physician Mothers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.
机构信息
Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
出版信息
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2021 Apr;30(4):514-524. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8964. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented extreme challenges for health care workers. This study sought to characterize challenges faced by physician mothers, compare differences in challenges by home and work characteristics, and elicit specific needs and potential solutions. We conducted a mixed-methods online survey of the Physician Moms Group (PMG) and PMG COVID19 Subgroup on Facebook from April 18th to 29th, 2020. We collected structured data on personal and professional characteristics and qualitative data on home and work concerns. We analyzed qualitative data thematically and used bivariate analyses to evaluate variation in themes by frontline status and children's ages. We included 1,806 participants in analysis and identified 10 key themes. The most frequently identified need/solution was for Community and Government Support ( = 545, 47.1%). When comparing frontline and nonfrontline physicians, those on the frontline more frequently raised concerns about Personal Health and Safety (67.8% vs. 48.4%, < 0.001), Organizational Communication and Relationships (31.8% vs. 23.8%, < 0.001), and Family Health and Safety (27.2 vs. 16.6, < 0.001), while nonfrontline physicians more frequently addressed Patient Care and Safety (56.4% vs. 48.2%, < 0.001) and Financial/Job Security (33.8% vs. 46.9%, < 0.001). Participants with an elementary school-aged child more frequently raised concerns about Parenting/Homeschooling (44.0% vs. 31.1%, < 0.001) and Work/Life Balance (28.4 vs. 13.7, < 0.001), and participants with a preschool-aged child more frequently addressed Access to Childcare (24.0 vs. 7.7, < 0.001) and Spouse/Partner Relationships (15.8 vs. 9.5, < 0.001), when compared to those without children in these age groups. The physician workforce is not homogenous. Health care and government leaders need to understand these diverse challenges in order to meet physicians' professional and family needs during the pandemic.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行给医护人员带来了极端挑战。本研究旨在描述医师母亲所面临的挑战，比较家庭和工作特征差异对挑战的影响，并得出具体需求和潜在解决方案。我们于 2020 年 4 月 18 日至 29 日在 Facebook 上的医师妈妈小组（PMG）和 PMG COVID19 小组进行了一项混合方法在线调查。我们收集了个人和职业特征的结构化数据以及家庭和工作关注的定性数据。我们对定性数据进行了主题分析，并使用双变量分析评估了一线地位和儿童年龄对主题的变化。我们共纳入 1806 名参与者进行分析，确定了 10 个关键主题。最常提到的需求/解决方案是社区和政府支持（ = 545，47.1%）。比较一线和非一线医生，一线医生更频繁地关注个人健康和安全（67.8%比 48.4%， < 0.001）、组织沟通和关系（31.8%比 23.8%， < 0.001）和家庭健康和安全（27.2%比 16.6%， < 0.001），而非一线医生更频繁地关注患者护理和安全（56.4%比 48.2%， < 0.001）和财务/工作保障（33.8%比 46.9%， < 0.001）。有小学生的参与者更频繁地关注育儿/ homeschooling（44.0%比 31.1%， < 0.001）和工作/生活平衡（28.4%比 13.7%， < 0.001），有学龄前儿童的参与者更频繁地关注儿童保育服务（24.0%比 7.7%， < 0.001）和配偶/伴侣关系（15.8%比 9.5%， < 0.001），而与这些年龄组中没有孩子的参与者相比。医师劳动力并非同质。医疗保健和政府领导人需要了解这些不同的挑战，以便在大流行期间满足医师的专业和家庭需求。
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