Díaz Romina, Garrido Daniel
Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
Microbiome Res Rep. 2024 Jan 1;3(1):12. doi: 10.20517/mrr.2023.61. eCollection 2024.
The infant gut microbiome is a complex community that influences short- and long-term health. Its assembly and composition are governed by variables such as the feeding type. Breast milk provides infants an important supply of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), a broad family of carbohydrates comprising neutral, fucosylated, and sialylated molecules. There is a positive association between HMOs and the overrepresentation of species in the infant gut, which is sustained by multiple molecular determinants present in the genomes of these species. Infant-gut-associated species usually share a similar niche and display similar HMO inclinations, suggesting they compete for these resources. There is also strong evidence of cross-feeding interactions between HMO-derived molecules and bifidobacteria. In this study, we screened for unidirectional and bidirectional interactions between and other species using individual HMO. and increased the growth of several other species when their supernatants were used, probably mediated by the partial degradation of HMO. In contrast, subsp. . supernatants did not exhibit positive growth. species compete for lacto--tetraose, which is associated with reduced bidirectional growth. The outcome of these interactions was HMO-dependent, in which the two species could compete for one substrate but cross-feed on another. 2'-fucosyllactose and lacto--neotetraose are associated with several positive interactions that generally originate from the partial degradation of these HMOs. This study presents evidence for complex interactions during HMO utilization, which can be cooperative or competitive, depending on the nature of the HMO. This information could be useful for understanding how breast milk supports the growth of some species, shaping the ecology of this important microbial community.
婴儿肠道微生物群是一个影响短期和长期健康的复杂群落。其组装和组成受喂养方式等变量的控制。母乳为婴儿提供了重要的人乳寡糖（HMO）供应，HMO是一类广泛的碳水化合物，包括中性、岩藻糖基化和唾液酸化分子。HMO与婴儿肠道中某些物种的过度增殖之间存在正相关，这些物种基因组中存在的多种分子决定因素维持了这种相关性。与婴儿肠道相关的物种通常共享相似的生态位并表现出相似的HMO偏好，这表明它们会争夺这些资源。也有强有力的证据表明HMO衍生分子与双歧杆菌之间存在交叉喂养相互作用。在本研究中，我们使用单个HMO筛选了[具体物种]与其他物种之间的单向和双向相互作用。当使用[具体物种]的上清液时，它促进了其他几种物种的生长，这可能是由HMO的部分降解介导的。相比之下，[具体亚种]的上清液没有表现出促进生长的作用。[具体物种]会争夺乳糖-N-四糖，这与双向生长减少有关。这些相互作用的结果取决于HMO，其中这两个物种可能会争夺一种底物，但会在另一种底物上进行交叉喂养。2'-岩藻糖基乳糖和乳糖-N-新四糖与几种通常源于这些HMO部分降解的正向相互作用有关。本研究提供了HMO利用过程中复杂相互作用的证据，这些相互作用可能是合作性的或竞争性的，具体取决于HMO的性质。这些信息可能有助于理解母乳如何支持某些[具体物种]的生长，塑造这个重要微生物群落的生态。
