Assari Shervin, Najand Babak, Donovan Alexandra
Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Ment Health Clin Psychol. 2024;8(1):5-15. doi: 10.29245/2578-2959/2024/1.1293. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
Racism is shown to diminish the protective effects of family socioeconomic position (SEP) resources for racial minorities compared to the majority groups, a pattern called minorities' diminished returns. Our existing knowledge is minimal about diminished returns of family SEP indicators on reducing exposure to adverse life events among children transitioning into adolescence.
To compare diverse racial groups for the effects of family income and family structure on exposure to adverse life events of pre-adolescents transitioning to adolescence.
In this longitudinal study, we analyzed data from 22,538 observations belonging to racially diverse groups of American 9-10-year-old children (n = 11,878) who were followed while transitioning to adolescence. The independent variables were family income and family structure. The primary outcome was the number of stressful life events with impact on adolescents, measured by the Life History semi-structured interview. Mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis to adjust for data nested to individuals, families, and centers.
Family income and married family structure had an overall inverse association with children's exposure to adverse life events during transition to adolescence. However, race showed significant interactions with family income and family structure on exposure to adverse life events. The protective effects of family income and married family structure were weaker for African American than White adolescents. The protective effect of family income was also weaker for mixed/other race than White adolescents.
While family SEP is protective against children's exposure to adverse life events, this effect is weaker for African American and mixed/other race compared to White youth.
与多数群体相比，种族主义会削弱家庭社会经济地位（SEP）资源对少数族裔的保护作用，这种模式被称为少数族裔的回报递减。我们目前对家庭SEP指标在减少向青春期过渡的儿童接触不良生活事件方面的回报递减情况了解甚少。
比较不同种族群体中家庭收入和家庭结构对即将步入青春期的儿童接触不良生活事件的影响。
在这项纵向研究中，我们分析了来自22538个观察对象的数据，这些观察对象属于不同种族群体的美国9至10岁儿童（n = 11878），他们在向青春期过渡期间被跟踪观察。自变量为家庭收入和家庭结构。主要结局是通过生活史半结构化访谈测量的对青少年有影响的应激生活事件数量。使用混合效应回归模型进行数据分析，以调整嵌套于个体、家庭和中心的数据。
家庭收入和已婚家庭结构与儿童在向青春期过渡期间接触不良生活事件总体呈负相关。然而，种族在接触不良生活事件方面与家庭收入和家庭结构存在显著交互作用。家庭收入和已婚家庭结构对非裔美国青少年的保护作用比对白人青少年弱。家庭收入对混血/其他种族青少年的保护作用也比对白人青少年弱。
虽然家庭SEP可保护儿童免受不良生活事件影响，但与白人青少年相比，这种影响对非裔美国人和混血/其他种族青少年较弱。
