Pallar Rachna M, Pingle Shubhangi K, Gaikwad Avinash Shivaji, Yennam Naveen S, Raju N, Kumar Panja, Adepu Vinay Kumar, Tumane Rajani G, Veeranjaneyulu Chennuru, Matte Kartikey
D Y Patil Deemed to be University, School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), NIOH, ICMR Complex, Kannamangala PO, Poojanahalli Road, Devanahalli Taluk, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India.
Mol Biotechnol. 2025 Feb;67(2):456-468. doi: 10.1007/s12033-024-01086-w. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
The prevalence of cancer deaths globally and domestically is higher especially due to the deferment of diagnosis and lack of facilities for women's reproductive cancers. The present review focussed to explore the application of lectins in cancer theranostics. Though there is cancer diagnostic and treatment available there is no promising early diagnostic tool and effective treatment available for the cancer which is the major concern. Lectins are cellulose-binding proteins that are strongly determined in saccharide groups of glycans, glycopeptides, or glycolipids. In the concomitance of events in cells, carbohydrates, and proteins, lectins play an important role. Lectins bind superiorly to the cancer cell membrane and their receptors induce the cytotoxic effect, which results in caspase-mediated cell death, and prohibits tumour development. Lectin snuffing also reveals polyamine stocks and impedes the growth of cancerous cells. They affect the cell cycle by non-apoptotic aggregation, seizure of the cell cycle phase G2, M, and the mediation of caspases. It can also adversely affect the action of telomerase and hinder vascularisation. They promote immunomodulation and adversely limit protein synthesis. Their easy availability and its characteristics support its use in cancer diagnosis and therapy, despite their small corollary effects. Future investigations recommend focussing more on the key applications of lectin by reducing its concurrent effects and carrying out more in-vitro investigations. However, the use of lectin formulations for cancer theranostics is a new area in cancer detection and treatment. In this review, plant lectin appears to be a potential target for cancer research in the fields of diagnosis and theranostics.
全球和国内癌症死亡的患病率较高，特别是由于诊断延迟以及缺乏针对女性生殖系统癌症的设施。本综述着重探讨凝集素在癌症诊疗中的应用。尽管目前已有癌症诊断和治疗方法，但仍缺乏有前景的早期诊断工具和有效的癌症治疗方法，这是主要关注点。凝集素是一类能与纤维素结合的蛋白质，在聚糖、糖肽或糖脂的糖基中含量丰富。在细胞、碳水化合物和蛋白质的相关事件中，凝集素发挥着重要作用。凝集素能与癌细胞膜高效结合，其受体可诱导细胞毒性效应，导致半胱天冬酶介导的细胞死亡，从而抑制肿瘤发展。凝集素摄取还能揭示多胺储备并阻碍癌细胞生长。它们通过非凋亡聚集、阻断细胞周期的G2、M期以及介导半胱天冬酶来影响细胞周期。它还会对端粒酶的活性产生不利影响并阻碍血管生成。它们促进免疫调节并对蛋白质合成产生不利限制。尽管其副作用较小，但其易于获取及其特性支持其在癌症诊断和治疗中的应用。未来的研究建议更多地关注凝集素的关键应用，减少其副作用并开展更多体外研究。然而，将凝集素制剂用于癌症诊疗是癌症检测和治疗中的一个新领域。在本综述中，植物凝集素似乎是癌症诊断和诊疗领域癌症研究的一个潜在靶点。
