Solera Andrea Rivera, Supervia Marta, Medina Inojosa Jose R, Senon David Bedos, Lopez-Jimenez Francisco, Grace Sherry L
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gregorio Marañon Health Research Institute, Gregorio Marañon General University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Mar 8;4(3):e0002610. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002610. eCollection 2024.
Clinical guidelines recommend influenza vaccination for cardiac patients, and COVID-19 vaccination is also beneficial given their increased risk. Patient education regarding vaccination was developed for cardiac rehabilitation (CR); impact on knowledge and attitudes were evaluated. A single-group pre-post design was applied at a Spanish CR program in early 2022. After baseline assessment, a nurse delivered the 40-minute group education. Knowledge and attitudes were re-assessed. Sixty-one (72%) of the 85 participants were vaccinated for influenza, and 40 (47%) for pneumococcus. Most participants perceived vaccines were important, and that the COVID-19 vaccine specifically was important, with three-quarters not influenced by vaccine myths/misinformation. The education intervention resulted in significant improvements in perceptions of the importance of vaccines (Hake's index 69%), understanding of myths (48%), knowledge of the different types of COVID vaccines (92%), and when they should be vaccinated. Vaccination rates are low despite their importance; while further research is needed, education in the CR setting could promote greater uptake.
临床指南建议心脏病患者接种流感疫苗，鉴于新冠疫苗接种对心脏病患者有益，因此也建议他们接种。针对心脏康复（CR）开展了有关疫苗接种的患者教育；评估了其对知识和态度的影响。2022年初在西班牙的一个心脏康复项目中采用了单组前后对照设计。在基线评估后，一名护士进行了40分钟的小组教育。之后对知识和态度进行了重新评估。85名参与者中有61人（72%）接种了流感疫苗，40人（47%）接种了肺炎球菌疫苗。大多数参与者认为疫苗很重要，尤其是新冠疫苗很重要，四分之三的人不受疫苗谣言/错误信息的影响。教育干预使人们对疫苗重要性的认知（哈克指数69%）、对谣言的理解（48%）、对不同类型新冠疫苗的知识（92%）以及何时应该接种疫苗等方面都有了显著改善。尽管疫苗接种很重要，但接种率较低；虽然还需要进一步研究，但在心脏康复环境中的教育可能会促进更高的接种率。
