Laboratory of Parasitology, Zoonoses, and Sanitary Regulation, University of Manouba, Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Zoonoses, and Sanitary Regulation, University of Manouba, Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2024 Jun;24(6):325-337. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0079. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic tick-borne disease, caused by an arbovirus of the genus Orthonairovirus and the family Nairoviridae. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is widespread in several regions of the world. While the virus is not pathogenic to all susceptible livestock and wild mammals, it can lead to severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. In this review, we compiled published data on CCHFV infections in humans, animals, and ticks in Tunisia. Based on that, we discussed the epidemiology and the distribution patterns of CCHFV infections highlighting the risk factors for this virus in the country. CCHF infection prevalence in humans was estimated to 2.76% (5/181) and 5% (2/38) in Tunisian febrile patients and Tunisian slaughterhouse workers, respectively. Concurrently, seroprevalence in domestic ungulates (sheep, goats, cattle, and dromedaries) ranged from zero to 89.7%, and only one tick specimen collected from dromedaries in southern Tunisian was positive for CCHFV by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (0.6%; 1/165). As Tunisian studies on CCHFV are geographically scattered and limited due to very small sample sizes, further studies are needed to improve the knowledge on the epidemiology of CCHF in Tunisia.
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）是一种由节肢动物传播的人畜共患病，由属于 Orthonairovirus 属和 Nairoviridae 科的虫媒病毒引起。克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）广泛分布于世界多个地区。虽然该病毒并非所有易感牲畜和野生哺乳动物的病原体，但它可导致人类严重出血热。在本综述中，我们汇编了有关突尼斯人类、动物和蜱虫中 CCHFV 感染的已发表数据。在此基础上，我们讨论了 CCHFV 感染的流行病学和分布模式，强调了该国该病毒的危险因素。据估计，突尼斯人类 CCHF 感染的流行率为 2.76%（5/181）和 5%（2/38），分别为突尼斯发热患者和突尼斯屠宰场工人。同时，家畜（绵羊、山羊、牛和单峰驼）中的血清阳性率从 0 到 89.7%不等，仅从突尼斯南部的单峰驼采集的一个蜱虫样本通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测出 CCHFV 呈阳性（0.6%；1/165）。由于突尼斯对 CCHFV 的研究在地理上分散且由于样本量非常小而受到限制，因此需要进一步研究来提高对突尼斯 CCHF 流行病学的认识。
