Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Mar 8;24(1):743. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18225-2.
The association between dietary selenium(Se) intake and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial. The present study aimed to investigate this association using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the years 2007-2012.
Three thousand seventy three individuals aged 20 years and above were eligible for inclusion in this cross-sectional study. The average age of the participants was 50.74 years and the proportions of males and females were nearly equal (49.12% vs. 50.88%). The odds ratios (OR) of the association between dietary Se intake (log2-transformed) and T2DM were examined through the multivariate logistic regression model. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age, sex, and thyroid autoimmunity to assess the potential impact of these variables on the relationship. Fitted smoothing curves and threshold effect analysis were conducted to describe the nonlinear relationship.
In the fully adjusted model, a significant positive association between Se intake and T2DM was observed (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.90, p = 0.0017). After stratifying the data by age, sex, and thyroid autoimmunity, a significant positive association between Se intake and T2DM was observed in individuals under 65 years of age, males, and those with negative thyroid autoimmunity. A two-segment linear regression model was analyzed for sex stratification, revealing a threshold effect in males with an inflection point of 90.51 μg, and an inverted U-shaped relationship in females with an inflection point of 109.90 μg, respectively.
The present study found a positive relationship between Se intake and the prevalence of T2DM. This association is particularly significant in younger individuals, males, and those with negative thyroid autoimmunity. Our results should be validated in future large prospective studies in different populations.
膳食硒（Se）摄入与 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）之间的关系仍存在争议。本研究旨在利用 2007-2012 年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库中的数据对此进行研究。
本横断面研究共纳入 3073 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的个体。参与者的平均年龄为 50.74 岁，男性和女性的比例几乎相等（49.12% vs. 50.88%）。通过多变量逻辑回归模型检查膳食 Se 摄入（对数转换）与 T2DM 之间的关联的比值比（OR）。根据年龄、性别和甲状腺自身免疫进行亚组分析，以评估这些变量对关系的潜在影响。进行拟合平滑曲线和阈值效应分析以描述非线性关系。
在完全调整的模型中，观察到 Se 摄入与 T2DM 之间存在显著的正相关（OR=1.49，95%CI：1.16，1.90，p=0.0017）。根据年龄、性别和甲状腺自身免疫对数据进行分层后，在年龄<65 岁、男性和甲状腺自身免疫阴性的个体中，观察到 Se 摄入与 T2DM 之间存在显著的正相关。对性别分层进行了二分段线性回归模型分析，发现男性存在 90.51μg 的拐点，呈现出倒 U 型关系，女性存在 109.90μg 的拐点，呈现出正相关关系。
本研究发现 Se 摄入与 T2DM 的患病率之间存在正相关关系。这种关联在年轻个体、男性和甲状腺自身免疫阴性的个体中尤为显著。我们的结果应在不同人群的未来大型前瞻性研究中进行验证。
