Chengdu University of TCM. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2021 Jan;63:126660. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126660. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
The associations among dietary selenium intake, serum selenium concentration, plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and diabetes risk remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate these associations in adults from the United States.
We conducted a cross-sectional study of participants aged 18 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Between 1999 and 2006, a total of 41,474 participants were initially included in this study. Multivariable linear or logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between dietary selenium intake and serum selenium concentrations, glucose level, and diabetes risk.
The average age of the participants was 30.32 ± 23.95 years, and 48.72 % were men. Their mean dietary selenium intake and mean serum selenium concentration were 98 ± 55 μg per day and 129 ± 22 ng/mL, respectively. Compared with t he lowest quartile of dietary selenium intake, the highest quartile was associated with elevated plasma glucose levels (β = 2.412, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.420, 4.403, P = 0.018), glycosylated hemoglobin levels (β = 0.080, 95 % CI: 0.041, 0.119, P < 0.001), and diabetes risk (odds ratio [OR] = 2.139, 95 % CI: 1.763, 2.596, P < 0.001). Higher serum selenium was also associated with increased plasma glucose levels (β = 12.454, 95 % CI: 4.122, 20.786, P = 0.003) and glycosylated hemoglobin levels (β = 0.326, 95 % CI: 0.187, 0.465, P < 0.001). A generalized additive model with a spline curve suggested a nonlinear relationship between dietary selenium intake, serum selenium and glucose levels, and diabetes risk.
Dietary selenium intake and serum selenium were positively associated with elevated levels of plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, and the relationships were nonlinear. Additional selenium supplementation for patients with diabetes may not be recommended.
膳食硒摄入、血清硒浓度、血浆葡萄糖和糖化血红蛋白水平与糖尿病风险之间的关联仍存在争议。本研究旨在评估美国成年人中这些关联。
我们对参加了 1999 年至 2006 年全国健康和营养调查的年龄在 18 岁及以上的参与者进行了一项横断面研究。共有 41474 名参与者最初纳入本研究。多变量线性或逻辑回归分析用于研究膳食硒摄入与血清硒浓度、血糖水平和糖尿病风险之间的关系。
参与者的平均年龄为 30.32 ± 23.95 岁，其中 48.72%为男性。他们的平均膳食硒摄入量和平均血清硒浓度分别为每天 98 ± 55μg 和 129 ± 22ng/ml。与膳食硒摄入量最低的四分位数相比，最高四分位数与升高的血浆葡萄糖水平（β=2.412，95%置信区间[CI]：0.420，4.403，P=0.018）、糖化血红蛋白水平（β=0.080，95%CI：0.041，0.119，P<0.001）和糖尿病风险（比值比[OR] = 2.139，95%CI：1.763，2.596，P<0.001）相关。较高的血清硒也与升高的血浆葡萄糖水平（β=12.454，95%CI：4.122，20.786，P=0.003）和糖化血红蛋白水平（β=0.326，95%CI：0.187，0.465，P<0.001）相关。具有样条曲线的广义加性模型表明，膳食硒摄入、血清硒与葡萄糖水平和糖尿病风险之间呈非线性关系。不建议糖尿病患者额外补充硒。
